Method of coloring porous material

ABSTRACT

A method of coloring porous material, especially human hair, is described, which method comprises applying to the material being colored, in any desired order successively, or simultaneously, a) at least one capped diazonium compound and b) at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component, under conditions such that, initially, coupling does not take place, and then causing the capped diazonium compound present on the material to react with the coupling component.

The present invention relates to a method of colouring porous material, for example metal, wood or keratin-containing fibres, especially human hair, using developing dyes, which consist of at least one capped diazonium compound and at least one coupling component, that is to say dyes which are formed inside the pores of the substrate.

Colouring with the aid of developing dyes has been known for a long time and has also been generally used for dyeing cotton. The dyes and the colouring methods used therefore do not, however, provide satisfactory results for colouring hair.

For colouring hair, therefore, oxidation dyes are used in most cases; however, they too are not capable of satisfying all requirements. The fastness to washing properties are often inadequate and, in addition, the colouring conditions required often cause a greater or lesser amount of damage to the hair. There has therefore been a need for a colouring method which does not have the mentioned disadvantages or which has them to an insignificant degree.

The present invention relates to a method of colouring porous material, which comprises applying to the material being coloured, in any desired order successively, or simultaneously,

-   a) at least one capped diazonium of formula (1)

and/or at least one capped diazonium of formula (2)

and/or at least one capped diazonium of formula (3)

and/or at least one capped diazonium of formula (4)

and/or at least one capped diazonium of formula (5)

wherein

-   Q is an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic or heterocyclic     residue, -   R is the radical of an unsubstituted or substituted, water-soluble     aliphatic or aromatic amine, and -   T is an unsubstituted or substituted, water-soluble aliphatic or     aromatic residue, -   wherein at least one of the groups must contain a radical imparting     water solubility, and -   b) at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component,     which comprises at least one radical Z of formula (II), (III) and/or     (IV)

in which

-   D is a linker arm which represents a linear or branched alkyl chain     preferably containing from 1 to 14 carbon atoms, which may be     interrupted by one or more hetero atoms such as oxygen, sulphur or     nitrogen atoms, and which may be substituted with one or more     hydroxyl or C₁–C₆alkoxy radicals, and optionally bearing one or more     carbonyl groups; -   E, G, J, L and M which may be identical or different represent a     carbon atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a nitrogen atom; -   n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; -   m is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; -   each R which may be identical or different, represents a second     group Z which is the same or different from the first Z group; a     halogen atom; a hydroxyl atom; a C₁–C₆-alkyl radical; a     C₁–C₆monohydroxyalkyl radical; a C₂–C₆polyhydroxyalkyl radical; a     nitro radical; a cyano radical; a cyano(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a     (C₁–C₆)alkoxy radical; a tri(C₁–C₆)alkylsilane(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical;     an amido radical; an aldehydo radical; a carboxyl radical; a     carboxyl radical, a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical, a thio radical, a     C₁–C₆thioalkyl radical, a (C₁–C₆)alkylthio radical, an amino     radical, an amino radical protected with a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl,     carbamyl or (C₁–C₆)alkylsulphonyl radical; a NHR′ or NR′R″ group, -   wherein R′ and R″ represent independently from each other a     C₁–C₆alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆monohydroxyalkyl radical or a     C₂–C₆polyhydroxyalkyl radical; -   R₈ represents a C₁–C₆alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆monohydroxyalkyl radical;     a C₂–C₆poly-hydroxyalkyl radical; a cyano(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a     tri(C₁–C₆)alkylsilane(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a     (C₁–C₆)alkoxy-carboxy(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a     (C₁–C₆)alkyl-carboxy(C₁–C₆)-alkyl radical; (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl     radical; benzyl radical or a second group Z, which is the same as     the first Z group or different from the first Z group; -   R₉, R₁₀ and R₁₁, which may be identical or different, represent a     C₁–C₆alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆monohydroxyalkyl radical; a     C₂–C₆polyhydroxyalkyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkoxy-(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical;     a cyano(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an aryl radical; a benzyl radical; an     amido(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a tri(C₁–C₆)alkylsilane(C₁–C₆)alkyl     radical or a C₁–C₆amino-alkyl radical in which the amine is     protected with a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl, carbamyl or     (C₁–C₆)alkylsulphonyl radical; two of the radicals R₉, R₁₀ and R₁₁     can also form, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are     attached, a 5- or 6-membered saturated carbon-based ring or a ring     containing one or more hetero atoms such as, for example, a     pyrrolidone ring, a piperidine ring, a piperazine ring or a     morpholine ring, it being possible for the said ring to be     unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected     from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a hydroxyl radical, a     C₁–C₆alkyl radical, a C₁–C₆monohydroxyalkyl radical, a     C₂–C₆polyhydroxyalkyl radical, a nitro radical, a cyano radical, a     cyano(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical, a C₁–C₆alkoxy radical, a     tri(C₁–C₆)alkyl-silane(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical, an amido radical, an     aldehydo radical, a carboxyl radical, a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl     radical, (C₁–C₆)cetoalkyl; a thio radical, a C₁–C₆thioalkyl radical,     a (C₁–C₆)alkylthio radical, an amino radical, an amino radical     protected with a (C₁–C₆)-alkylcarbonyl, carbamyl or     (C₁–C₆)alkylsulphonyl radical; or -   one of the radicals R₇, R₈ and R₉ can also represent a second     radical Z, which is identical or different from the first Z group; -   R₁₂ represents a C₁–C₆alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆monohydroxyalkyl     radical; a C₂–C₆polyhydroxyalkyl radical; an aryl radical; a benzyl     radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkylamine radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkylamine radical     protected with a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl, carbamyl or     (C₁–C₆)-alkylsulphonyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; a     cyano(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a carbamyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a     C₁–C₆trifluoroalkyl radical; a tri(C₁–C₆)alkylsilane-(C₁–C₆)alkyl     radical; a C₁–C₆aminosulphonylalkyl radical; a     (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl-(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a     (C₁–C₆)alkylsulphinyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a     (C₁–C₆)alkyl-sulphonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a     (C₁–C₆)alkyl-ceto-(C₁–C₆)alkyl; an     N—(C₁–C₆)alkyl-aminosulphonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical or a     N—(C₁–C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; -   a and y are independently from each other 0 or 1 with the provisos     that -   (i) in unsaturated cationic groups of formula (II)     -   when a=0 then D is attached to the nitrogen atom,     -   when a=1 then D is attached to summits E, G, J or L,     -   y can only be 1         -   1. when E, G, J and L are each carbon and R₈ is attached to             the nitrogen atom of the unsaturated cycle; or         -   2. when at least one of E, G, J and L is nitrogen to which             R₈ is attached     -   when n is at least 2, two adjacent R may form unsaturated         carboxylic or heterocyclic group, with 5 or 6 chains -   (ii) in unsaturated cationic groups of formula (III),     -   when a=0, then D is attached to the nitrogen atom,     -   when a=1, then D is attached to summits E, G, J, L or M,     -   y can only be 1 when at least one of E, G, J, L and M represents         a divalent atom and R₈ is attached to the nitrogen atom of the         unsaturated cycle,     -   when m is at least 2, then two of adjacent R may form         unsaturated carboxylic or heterocylic group, with 5 or 6 chains, -   (iii) in cationic groups of formula (IV)     -   when a=0 then D is attached to the nitrogen atom bearing         radicals R₉–R₁₁,     -   when a=1 then two of the radicals R₉–R₁₁ form a saturated         heterocycle with 5–6 chains as defined before, with the nitrogen         atom to which they are attached and D is linked to the carbon         atom of this saturated cycle, -   X⁻ represents a monovalent or divalent anion, preferably selected     from chloride, bromide, fluoride or iodide, hydroxide ions,     hydrosulfate or (C₁–C₆alkyl)sulfate, such as methyl- or     ethyl-sulfate, -   wherein the number of Z groups in the formula (I) is at least 1, -   under conditions such that, initially, coupling does not take place,     and then causing the capped diazonium compound present on the     material to react with the coupling component.

The colorations obtained are distinguished by outstanding fastness to washing properties, which are significantly better than in the case of colorations with oxidation dyes, and there is virtually no damage to the hair. Moreover, there is no staining of the scalp, because the dye components do not penetrate into the skin and non-fixed dye can be washed off readily.

A preferred method of colouring porous material is characterized in that the cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a compound of formula (I)

in which

-   b is 1 or 2 and -   for b equal 2, two benzene rings are linked by link B representing a     group Z, or linear or branched C₁–C₁₄alkyl chain which can be     interrupted by one or more groups Z and/or by one or more     heteroatoms chosen from O, S and N, can be substituted with one or     more hydroxyl or C₁–C₆alkoxy radicals and can bear on or more     carbonyl groups; -   R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄, which may be identical or different, represent a     hydrogen atom; a halogen atom; a group Z; a group —N-Z; a group     —N-Z; a group —O-Z; a group —CO-Z; a group —COOZ; a group —CO—N-Z; a     group —CO—N-Z; a group N—CO-Z; a group —N—CO—N—; a     (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; an amino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical;     an —N-Z-amino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; an     N—(C₁–C₆)alkylamino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; an     N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylamino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; an     amino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an     N-Z-amino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an     N—(C₁–C₆)alkyl-amino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an     N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylamino(C₁–C₆)-alkylcarbonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a     carboxyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarboxyl radical; a     C₁–C₆alkylsulphonyl radical; an aminosulphonyl radical; an     N-Z-aminosulphonyl radical; a C₁–C₆—N-alkylaminosulphonyl radical;     an N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylamino-sulphonyl radical; a     C₁–C₆aminosulphonylalkyl radical; a C₁–C₆ N-Z-aminosulphonylalkyl     radical; an N—(C₁–C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an     N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylamino-sulphonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a carbamyl     radical; an N—(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl radical; an     N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl radical; a carbamyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical;     an N—(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl-(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an     N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl-(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆alkyl     radical; a hydroxyl radical; nitro radical; a C₁–C₆mono-hydroxyalkyl     radical; a C₂–C₆polyhydroxyalkyl radical; a     (C₁–C₆)alkoxy(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆trifluoroalkyl radical; a     cyano radical; a group OR₇ or SR₇; an unsubstituted amino group; an     amino group substituted with one or two of the substituents selected     from the group consisting of C₁–C₆alkyl, (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl,     (C₁–C₆)alkyl-carboxyl, trifluoro(C₁–C₆)alkyl-carbonyl,     amino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl, N-Z-amino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl,     N—(C₁–C₆)-alkylamino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl,     N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylamino-(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl, (C₁–C₆)alkylcarboxyl,     carbamyl, N—(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl, N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkyl-carbamyl, C₁–C₆     alkylsulphonyl, aminosulphonyl, N-Z-aminosulphonyl,     N—(C₁–C₆)-alkylaminosulphonyl, N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl,     thiocarbamyl, formyl radical or a group -Z; -   or R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄, when they are adjacent, may form, two by two,     an unsaturated cycle with 5–6 carbon chains, or containing one or     more heteroatoms and optionally bearing same substituents as given     above for R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄; -   R₇ denotes a C₁–C₆alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆monohydroxyalkyl radical; a     C₂–C₆poly-hydroxyalkyl radical; a group Z; a     (C₁–C₆)alkoxy(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an aryl radical; a benzyl     radical; a carboxy(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a     (C₁–C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a cyano(C₁–C₆)alkyl     radical; a carbamyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an     N—(C₁–C₆)alkyl-carbamyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an     N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a     C₁–C₆trifluoroalkyl radical; a C₁–C₆aminosulphonylalkyl radical; a     C₁–C₆ N-Z-amino-sulphonylalkyl radical; an     N—(C₁–C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an     N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a     (C₁–C₆)alkylsulphinyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a     (C₁–C₆)alkylsulphonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a     (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆aminoalkyl radical;     a C₁–C₆aminoalkyl radical in which the amine is substituted with one     or two identical or different radicals chosen from C₁–C₆ alkyl,     C₁–C₆monohydroxyalkyl, C₂–C₆polyhydroxyalkyl, (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl,     formyl, trifluoro-(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl, (C₁–C₆)alkylcarboxyl,     carbamyl, N—(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl, N,N-di-(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl,     thiocarbamyl and C₁–C₆alkylsulphonyl radicals, and from the groups     Z, —CO-Z and —CO—OZ; -   A represents a hydroxyl radical; —NR₅R₆ or OR₇; -   R₅ and R₆, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen     atom; a group Z; a C₁–C₆alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆monohydroxyalkyl     radical; a C₂–C₆polyhydroxyalkyl radical; a     (C₁–C₆)alkoxy(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an aryl radical; a benzyl     radical; a cyano(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a carbamyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl     radical; an N—(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an     N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a     thiocarbamyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆trifluoroalkyl radical; a     C₁–C₆sulphoalkyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical;     a (C₁–C₆)alkyl-sulphinyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a     C₁–C₆aminosulphonylalkyl radical; a N-Z-amino-sulphonyl(C₁–C₆) alkyl     radical; an N—(C₁–C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an     N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a     (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl-(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆aminoalkyl     radical; a C₁–C₆aminoalkyl radical in which the amine is substituted     with one or two identical or different radicals chosen from     C₁–C₆-alkyl, C₁–C₆monohydroxyalkyl, C₂–C₆polyhydroxyalkyl,     (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl, carbamyl, N—(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl or     N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl, C₁–C₆alkyl-sulphonyl, formyl,     trifluoro(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl, (C₁–C₆)alkylcarboxyl and thiocarbamyl     radicals, or with a group Z, —CO-Z or —CO—OZ; -   one and only one of the radicals R₅ and R₆ can also represent a     (C₁–C₆)alkylcarboxyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; a     formyl radical; a trifluoro(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; an     amino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; an N-Z-amino-(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl     radical; an N—(C₁–C₆)alkylamino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; an     N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkyl-amino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; a carbamyl     radical; an N—(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl radical; an     N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl radical; a thiocarbamyl radical; an     amino-sulphonyl radical; an N-Z-aminosulphonyl radical; an     N—(C₁–C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl radical; an     N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylamino-sulphonyl radical; or a     (C₁–C₆)alkylsulphonyl radical; -   and/or a cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a     compound of formula (V)

in which all substituents have the meanings as defined above,

-   and/or a cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a     compound of formula (VI)

in which all substituents have the meanings as defined above,

-   and/or a cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a     compound of formula (VII)

in which all substituents have the meanings as defined above,

-   and/or a cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a     compound of formula (VIII)

in which all substituents have the meanings as defined above,

-   and/or a cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a     compound of formula (IX)

in which all substituents have the meanings as defined above,

-   and/or a cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a     compound of formula (X)

in which all substituents have the meanings as defined above,

-   Z represents one of the groups of formula (II), (III) and (IV) as     defined above, -   wherein the number of Z groups in the formula (I) is at least 1.

A more preferred method of colouring porous material is characterized in that the cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a compound of formula (Ia)

wherein

-   A, R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ have the same meanings as defined above.

A further more preferred method of colouring porous material is characterized in that the cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a compound of formula (Ib)

wherein

-   R₁ and R₁′ are each one valency of B, -   R₂, R₃, R₂′ and R₃′ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the     definition of formula (I), -   R₅, R₆, R₅′, R₆′, R₅″, R₆″, R₅′″ and R₆′″ have the meanings as     defined for R₅ and R₆ in the definition of formula (I), and -   B and Z have the same meanings as defined in the definition of     formula (I).

A further more preferred method of colouring porous material is characterized in that the cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a compound of formula (Ic)

wherein

-   A₁, A₂, A₁′ and A₂′ signify independently of each other a hydroxy     radical or a NR₅R₆ radical, -   wherein R₅ and R₆ have the same meanings as defined in the     definition of formula (I), -   R₁ and R₁′ are each one valency of B, -   R₂, R₃, R₂′ and R₃′ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the     definition of formula (I), and -   B and Z have the same meanings as defined in the definition of     formula (I).

A further more preferred method of colouring porous material is characterized in that the cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a compound of formula (Va)

wherein

-   R₁ has the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the definition of     formula (I) and -   A has the meanings as defined for A in the definition of formula     (I).

A further more preferred method of colouring porous material is characterized in that the cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a compound of formula (VIa)

wherein

-   R₁, R₂ and R₃ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the     definition of formula (I).

A further more preferred method of colouring porous material is characterized in that the cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a compound of formula (VIIa)

wherein

-   R₁ and R₃ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the definition     of formula (I).

A further more preferred method of colouring porous material is characterized in that the cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a compound of formula (VIIIa)

wherein

-   R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the     definition of formula (I).

A further more preferred method of colouring porous material is characterized in that the cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a compound of formula (IXa)

wherein

-   R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the     definition of formula (I).

Especially preferred compounds according to formula (I) have the following formulae (Ia′), (Ia″), (Ia′″), (Ia″″), (Va′), (Va″), (Va′″), (Va″″), (VIa′), (VIIa′), (VIIa″), (VIIIa′), (IXa′) and (IXa″)

wherein

-   A′ and R′₁ signify independently from each other H; OH; NH₂;     NHC₁–C₄alkyl; N(C₁₋₄)₂alkyl; -   OC₁–C₄alkyl, wherein the two alkyl groups of the di-alkylated amine     can be the same or different, -   each R′₄ signifies independently from each other H; C₁–C₄alkyl,     preferably CH₃; OC₁–C₄alkyl, preferably OCH₃ or halogen, preferably     Cl; or a (CH₂)₀₋₂—C₆cycloalkyl or (CH₂)₀₋₂-phenyl, -   R′₉, R′₁₀, R′₁₁ signify independently from each other C₁–C₄alkyl,     wherein the alkyl can be linear, branched and optionally substituted     by OH, CN, Cl, COOH, SO₃H, NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, OCH₃ or OC₂H₅, -   X′⁻ signify Cl⁻; Br⁻ or J⁻, -   Y signifies —O—; —NH—; —N(C₁–C₂alkyl)-; —CONH—; —NHCO—     —CON(C₁–C₄alkyl)-; —N(C₁–C₄alkyl)CO— or —CH₂—, -   V signifies a 5, 6, or 7 membered heteroring     -   which can be aliphatic or aromatic, and     -   which contain at least one heteroatom selected from the group S,         O and/or N,     -   and which contains a positive charge,     -   preferably V is a ring selected from the group consisting of

Suitable examples of compounds of formula (I) are

wherein X′⁻ is Cl⁻, Br⁻ or F⁻.

Further suitable examples of compounds of formula (I) are

-   [2-(2,4-diaminophenoxy)ethyl]diethylmethylammonium chloride; -   1-[3-(2,4-diaminophenoxy)propyl]-1,4-dimethylpiperazin-1-ium     chloride; -   1-[(3-hydroxy-4-methylphenylcarbamoyl)methyl]-1,4-dimethylpiperazin-1-ium     chloride; -   1,4-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-[(3-hydroxyphenylcarbamoyl)methyl]piperazin-1-ium     chloride; -   [3-(2,4-diaminophenoxy)propyl]triethylammonium chloride; -   1-[(2,4-dihydroxyphenylcarbamoyl)methyl]-1-methylpiperidinium     chloride; -   [2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl]triethylammonium chloride; -   1-[(3-hydroxy-4-methylphenylcarbamoyl)methyl]-1-methylpyrrolidinium     chloride; -   1-[(2,6-dihydroxyphenylcarbamoyl)methyl]-1-methylpyrrolidinium     chloride; -   [2-(4-amino-2-hydroxyphenoxy)ethyl]diethylmethylammonium chloride; -   triethyl-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-methylphenylamino)ethyl]ammonium bromide; -   1-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-methylphenylamino)ethyl]-1,4-dimethylpiperazin-1-ium     bromide; -   4-[(3-hydroxyphenylcarbamoyl)methyl]-4-methylmorpholin-4-ium     chloride; -   triethyl-[2-(3-hydroxy-2,4-dimethylphenylcarbamoyloxy)ethyl]ammonium     chloride; -   [2-(4-chloro-3-hydroxyphenylamino)ethyl]triethylammonium bromide; -   1-[3-(2-amino-4-methylaminophenoxy)propyl]-1-methylpiperidinium     chloride; -   [2-(2,4-diaminophenoxy)ethyl]diethylmethylammonium chloride; -   1-(3-trimethylammonium-2-hydroxypropyl)-1-[(3-hydroxy-4-methylphenylcarbamoyl)-methyl]pyrrolidinium     dichloride; -   1-[2-(3-amino-4-methoxyphenylamino)ethyl]-1,4-dimethylpiperazin-1-ium     bromide; -   [2-(2,4-diaminophenyl)ethyl]triethylammonium chloride; -   1-[(3-hydroxy-2,4-dimethylphenylcarbamoyl)methyl]-1,4-dimethylpiperazin-1-ium     chloride; -   N,N-bis[2-(1-methylpyrrolidinium)ethyl]benzene-1,3-diamine     dichloride; -   triethyl[(3-hydroxy-4-methylphenylcarbamoyl)methyl]ammonium     chloride; -   N,N′-bis{2-[1,4-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-ium]ethyl}benzene-1,3-diamine-2-methyl     dichloride; -   1-[3-(2,4-diaminophenoxy)propyl]-1-methylpyrrolidinium chloride; -   1-[(3-hydroxyphenylcarbamoyl)methyl]-1,4-dimethylpiperazin-1-ium     chloride; -   1-[3-(2,4-diaminophenoxy)propyl]-4-(3-trimethylammonium-2-hydroxypropyl)-1,4-dimethyl-piperazine-1,4-diium     trichloride; -   [2-[4-(dimethylamino)salicylamido]ethyl]diethylmethyl-ammonium     iodide; -   ethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)dimethylammonium 4-(methylamino)salicylate     bromide; -   3-[(4-amino-2-hydroxybenzoyl)oxy]-N-ethyl-N,N-dimethyl-1-propanammonium     iodide; -   3-[(4-amino-2-hydroxybenzoyl)oxy]-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanammonium     iodide; -   triethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium 4-aminosalicylate bromide; -   2-[(4-amino-2-hydroxybenzoyl)oxy]-N,N-diethyl-N-methylethanammonium     iodide; -   2-[(4-amino-2-hydroxybenzoyl)oxy]-N-ethyl-N,N-dimethylethanammonium     iodide; -   ethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)dimethylammonium 4-aminosalicylate bromide; -   2-[(4-amino-2-hydroxybenzoyl)oxy]-N,N,N-trimethylethanammonium     iodide; -   and the addition salts thereof with an acid.

These compounds and their synthesis can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 6,419,711 B1.

Further suitable examples of compounds of formula (I) are

-   quaternized iodide salt of     N-[2-(trimethylamino)ethyl]-N′-[3-(dimethylamino)-phenyl]urea; -   quaternized chloride salt of     N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-N′-[3-(dimethylamino)-phenyl]urea; -   quaternized chloride salt of     N-[2-(trimethylamino)ethyl]-N′-[3-(dimethylamino)-phenyl]urea; -   quaternized bromide salt of     N-[2-(trimethylamino)ethyl]-N′-[3-(dimethylamino)-phenyl]urea; -   quaternized methyl sulfate salt of     N-[2-(trimethylamino)ethyl]-N′-[3-(dimethylamino)-phenyl]urea; -   quaternized propyl sulfate salt of     N-[2-(trimethylamino)ethyl]-N′-[3-(dimethylamino)-phenyl]urea; -   quaternized chloride salt of     N-[2-(triethylamino)ethyl]-N′-[3-(diethylamino)-phenyl]urea; -   quaternized chloride salt of     N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-N′-[3-(di-hydroxyethylmethylamino)-phenyl]urea; -   quaternized methyl sulfate iodide salt of     N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-N′-[3-(dimethylamino)-phenyl]urea; and -   quaternized chloride salt of     N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-N′-[3-(cyclohexylamino)-phenyl]urea.

These compounds and their synthesis can be found in WO0239967.

Further suitable examples of compounds of formula (I) are

-   {4-(3-hydroxy-4-methyl-phenylamino)-methyl]-phenyl}trimethyl-ammonium     chloride; -   {4-(3-hydroxy-4-methyl-phenylamino)-methyl]-phenyl}trimethyl-ammonium     iodide; -   {4-(3-hydroxy-4-methyl-phenylamino)-methyl]-phenyl}trimethyl-ammonium     methyl sulfate; -   {4-(3-hydroxy-4-hydroxyethyl-phenylamino)-methyl]-phenyl}trimethyl-ammonium     chloride; -   {4-(3-hydroxy-4-methyl-phenylamino)-methyl]-phenyl}triethyl-ammonium     chloride; -   {4-(3-hydroxy-4-methyl-phenylamino)-methyl]-phenyl}tripropyll-ammonium     propyl sulfate; -   {4-(3-hydroxy-4-ethyl-phenylamino)-methyl]-phenyl}trimethyl-ammonium     chloride; and -   {4-(3-hydroxy-4-methyl-phenylamino)-methyl]-phenyl}trimethyl-ammonium     bromide.

These compounds and their synthesis can be found in WO0239968.

Further suitable examples of compounds of formula (I) are

-   3-[(3-hydroxy-4-methyl-phenylamino)]-1-methyl pyridinium chloride; -   3-[(3-hydroxy-4-methyl-phenylamino)]-1-ethyl pyridinium chloride; -   3-[(3-hydroxy-4-methyl-phenylamino)]-1-methyl pyridinium iodide; -   3-[(3-hydroxy-4-methyl-phenylamino)]-1-benzyl pyridinium chloride; -   3-[(3-hydroxy-4-ethyl-phenylamino)]-1-ethoxyethyl pyridinium     chloride; -   3-[(3-hydroxy-4-methyl-phenylamino)]-1-methyl pyridinium bormide; -   3-[(3-hydroxy-4-methyl-phenylamino)]-1-methyl pyridinium methyl     sulfate; and -   3-[(3-hydroxy-4-hydroxyethyl-phenylamino)]-1-methyl pyridinium     propyl sulfate.

These compounds and their synthesis can be found in WO0239969.

Further suitable examples of compounds of formula (I) are

-   1-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-methyl-phenylamino)-ethyl]-3-methyl-3-H-imidazol-1-ium     chloride; -   1-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-ethyl-phenylamino)-ethyl]-3-methyl-3-H-imidazol-1-ium     chloride; -   1-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-hydroxyethyl-phenylamino)-ethyl]-3-methyl-3-H-imidazol-1-ium     chloride; -   1-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-methyl-phenylamino)-ethyl]-3-methyl-3-H-imidazol-1-ium     bromide; -   1-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-methyl-phenylamino)-ethyl]-3-methyl-3-H-imidazol-1-ium     iodide; -   1-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-ethyl-phenylamino)-ethyl]-3-methyl-3-H-imidazol-1-ium     propyl sulfate; -   N-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-methyl-phenylamino)-ethyl]-N′-methyl-piperidinium     chloride; -   N-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-ethyl-phenylamino)-ethyl]-N′-methyl-piperidinium     chloride; -   N-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-hydroxyethyl-phenylamino)-ethyl]-N′-methyl-piperidinium     chloride; -   N-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-methyl-phenylamino)-ethyl]-N′-methyl-piperidinium     bromide; and -   N-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-methyl-phenylamino)-ethyl]-N′-methyl-piperidinium     iodide.

These compounds and their synthesis can be found in WO0239970.

All combinations of the various compounds according of formula (I) mentioned above are also suitable for the inventive process.

Additionally, all cationic coupling components as defined in FR 27946644, in U.S. Pat. No. 6,419,711 B1, WO 0239967, WO 0239968, WO 0239969 and WO 0239970 can be used—as single compound or in mixtures of various coupling components—for the method according to the present invention.

In formulae (1)–(5), suitable radicals imparting water solubility include, for example, SO₃H, COOH, OH or a quaternised ammonium radical of formula

wherein R₁₃, R₁₄ and R₁₅ are each independently of the others unsubstituted or substituted alkyl and An is an anion.

According to the invention, alkyl groups R₁₃, R₁₄ and R₁₅ are to be understood as being generally open-chain or branched C₁–C₆alkyl radicals, for example methyl, ethyl, n- or iso-propyl and n-, sec- or tert-butyl.

Such alkyl radicals may be mono- or poly-substituted, for example by hydroxy, carboxy, halogen, cyano or by C₁–C₄alkoxy.

Preferably, the alkyl groups are unsubstituted and each has from 1 to 4, especially 1 or 2, carbon atoms.

Suitable anions An are both inorganic and organic anions, for example halide, such as chloride, bromide or iodide, sulfate, hydrogen sulfate, methyl sulfate, formate, acetate and lactate.

The anion is generally determined by the preparation process. Preferably, the chlorides, hydrogen sulfates, sulfates, methosulfates or acetates are present.

-   Q is an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic or heterocyclic     residue. For example, unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, naphthyl,     thiophenyl, 1,3-thiazolyl, 1,2-thiazolyl, 1,3-benzothiazolyl,     2,3-benzothiazolyl, imidazolyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl,     1,3,5-thiadiazolyl, 1,3,4-triazolyl, pyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl,     benzopyrazolyl, pyridinyl, quinolinyl, pyrimidinyl and isoxazolyl,     aminodiphenyl, aminodiphenylether and azobenzenyl are suitable.

Such radicals may be mono- or poly-substituted, for example by C₁–C₄alkyl, C₁–C₄alkoxy, C₁–C₄alkylthio, halogen, e.g. fluorine, bromine or chlorine, nitro, trifluoromethyl, CN, SCN, C₁–C₄alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, benzylsulfonyl, di-C₁–C₄alkylaminosulfonyl, C₁–C₄alkyl-carbonylamino, C₁–C₄alkoxysulfonyl or by di-(hydroxy-C₁–C₄alkyl)-aminosulfonyl.

Examples of suitable radicals Q are as follows:

-   R is the radical of an unsubstituted or substituted, water-soluble     aliphatic or aromatic amine. Preferably, R is a radical of formula     —NR₁₆R₁₇, wherein R₁₆ is H; unsubstituted linear or branched     C₁–C₆alkyl or linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl, which is substituted by     one or more identical or different substituent selected from the     group consisting of OC₁–C₄alkyl, COOH, COOC₁–C₂alkyl, SO₃H, NH₂, CN,     halogen and OH, and R₁₇ is unsubstituted linear or branched     C₁–C₆alkyl or linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl, which is substituted by     one or more identical or different substituent selected from the     group consisting of OC₁–C₄alkyl, COOH, COOC₁–C₂alkyl, SO₃H, NH₂, CN,     halogen and OH.

More preferably, R is a radical of —NR₁₆R₁₇, wherein R₁₆ and R₁₇ are C₁–C₄alkyl mono-substituted by OC₁–C₂alkyl, COOH, COOC₁–C₂alkyl, SO₃H, NH₂, CN, halogen or OH.

Example for suitable amine compounds (R—H) are methylaminoacetic acid (sarcosine), methylaminobutyric acid, methylaminopropionic acid, ethylaminoacetic acid, ethylaminobutyric acid, 1-methylamino-ethane-2-sulfonic acid, 1-ethylamino-ethane-2-sulfonic acid and 1-methylamino-propane-3-sulfonic acid.

Preferably, R also signifies the radical of unsubstituted aniline; the radical of unsubstituted aminonaphthalene; the radical of aniline or aminonaphthalene, wherein the phenyl or the naphthyl ring is substituted by one or more identical or different substituent selected from the group consisting of COOH, SO₃H, CN, halogen, SO₂C₁–C₂alkyl, unsubstituted linear or branched C₁–C₄alkyl, linear or branched C₁–C₄alkyl, substituted by OH, carboxy, COC₁–C₂alkyl or SO₂—N(C₁–C₄alkyl)-(CH₂)₁₋₄SO₃H and wherein the amino radical is substituted by H, unsubstituted linear or branched C₁–C₄alkyl or linear or branched C₁–C₄alkyl, substituted by OH or carboxy.

Suitable radicals of such aromatic amines are, for example, as follows:

-   T is an unsubstituted or substituted, water-soluble aliphatic or     aromatic residue.

Preferably, T is a linear or branched unsubstituted C₁–C₆alkyl or linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl, which is substituted by one or more identical or different substituent selected from the group consisting of OC₁–C₄alkyl, COOH, COOC₁–C₂alkyl, SO₃H, NH₂, NH(C₁–C₂alkyl), N(C₁–C₂alkyl)₂, CN, halogen and OH.

More preferably, T is a linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl, which is substituted by one or two identical or different substituent selected from the group consisting of COOH, NH₂, NH(C₁–C₂alkyl), N(C₁–C₂alkyl)₂ and SO₃H.

Examples for such suitable radicals are —CH₂COOH, —(CH₂)₂COOH, —(CH₂)₃COOH, —CH(NHCH₂CH₃)COOH, —CH₂CH₂SO₃H and —CH₂CH₂CH₂SO₃H.

Preferably, T is also unsubstituted phenyl; unsubstituted naphthyl; phenyl or naphthyl, which are substituted by one or more identical or different substituents selected from the group consisting of OC₁–C₄alkyl, COOH, COOC₁–C₂alkyl, SO₃H, NH₂, NH(C₁–C₂alkyl), N(C₁–C₂alkyl)₂, CN, halogen and OH.

Such suitable aromatic residues are, for example, as follows:

A preferred embodiment of the present invention is a method of colouring porous material, which comprises applying to the material being coloured, in any desired order successively, or simultaneously,

-   a) at least one capped diazonium of formula (1)

and/or at least one capped diazonium

-   of formula (2)

and/or at least one capped diazonium of formula (3)

and/or at least one capped diazonium of formula (4)

and/or at least one capped diazonium of formula (5)

wherein

-   Q is an unsubstituted phenyl; naphthyl; thiophenyl; 1,3-thiazolyl;     1,2-thiazolyl; 1,3-benzothiazolyl; 2,3-benzothiazolyl; imidazolyl;     1,3,4-thiadiazolyl; 1,3,5-thiadiazolyl; 1,3,4-triazolyl; pyrazolyly     benzimidazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, pyridinyl, quinolinyl, pyrimidinyl     and isoxazolyl, aminodiphenyl, aminodiphenylether and azobenzenyl,     which can optionally be mono- or poly-substituted by C₁–C₄alkyl,     C₁–C₄alkoxy, C₁–C₄alkylthio, halogen, e.g. fluorine, bromine or     chlorine, nitro, trifluoromethyl, CN, SCN, C₁–C₄alkylsulfonyl,     phenylsulfonyl, benzylsulfonyl, di-C₁–C₄alkylaminosulfonyl,     C₁–C₄alkyl-carbonylamino, C₁–C₄alkoxysulfonyl or by     di-(hydroxy-C₁–C₄alkyl)-aminosulfonyl, -   R signifies a the radical of formula —NR₁₆R₁₇, wherein R₁₆ is H;     unsubstituted linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl or linear or branched     C₁–C₆alkyl, which is substituted by one or more identical or     different substituent selected from the group consisting of     OC₁–C₄alkyl, COOH, COOC₁–C₂alkyl, SO₃H, NH₂, CN, halogen and OH, and     R₁₇ is unsubstituted linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl or linear or     branched C₁–C₆alkyl, which is substituted by one or more identical     or different substituent selected from the group consisting of     OC₁–C₄alkyl, COOH, COOC₁–C₂alkyl, SO₃H, NH₂, CN, halogen and OH, or -   R signifies the radical of unsubstituted aniline; the radical of     unsubstituted aminonaphthalene; the radical of aniline or     aminonaphthalene, wherein the phenyl or the naphthyl ring is     substituted by one or more identical or different substituent     selected from the group consisting of COOH, SO₃H, CN, halogen,     SO₂C₁–C₂alkyl, unsubstituted linear or branched C₁–C₄alkyl, linear     or branched C₁–C₄alkyl, substituted by OH, carboxy, COC₁–C₂alkyl or     SO₂—N(C₁–C₄alkyl)-(CH₂)₁₋₄SO₃H and wherein the amino radical is     substituted by H; unsubstituted linear or branched C₁–C₄alkyl or     linear or branched C₁–C₄alkyl, substituted by OH or carboxy, and -   T is a linear or branched unsubstituted C₁–C₆alkyl or linear or     branched C₁–C₆alkyl, which is substituted by one or more identical     or different substituent selected from the group consisting of     OC₁–C₄alkyl, COOH, COOC₁–C₂alkyl, SO₃H, NH₂, NH(C₁–C₂alkyl),     N(C₁–C₂alkyl)₂, CN, halogen and OH, or -   T is unsubstituted phenyl; unsubstituted naphthyl; phenyl or     naphthyl, which are substituted by one or more identical or     different substituents selected from the group consisting of     OC₁–C₄alkyl, COOH, COOC₁–C₂alkyl, SO₃H, NH₂, NH(C₁–C₂alkyl),     N(C₁–C₂alkyl)₂, CN, halogen and OH, -   and -   b) at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component     of formula (Ia)

wherein

-   A, R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ have the same meanings as defined above, -   and/or at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling     component of formula (Ib)

wherein

-   R₁ and R₁′ are each one valency of B, -   R₂, R₃, R₂′ and R₃′ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the     definition of formula (I), -   R₅, R₆, R₅′, R₆′, R₅″, R₆″, R₅′″ and R₆′″ have the meanings as     defined for R₅ and R₆ in the definition of formula (I), and -   B and Z have the same meanings as defined in the definition of     formula (I), -   and/or at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling     component of formula (Ic)

wherein

-   A₁, A₂, A₁′ and A₂′ signify independently of each other a hydroxy     radical or a NR₅R₆ radical, -   wherein R₅ and R₆ have the same meanings as defined in the     definition of formula (I), -   R₁ and R₁′ are each one valency of B, -   R₂, R₃, R₂′ and R₃′ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the     definition of formula (I), -   and -   B and Z have the same meanings as defined in the definition of     formula (I), -   and/or at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling     component of formula (Va)

wherein

-   R₁ has the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the definition of     formula (I) and -   A has the meanings as defined for A in the definition of formula     (I), -   and/or at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling     component of formula (VIa)

wherein

-   R₁, R₂ and R₃ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the     definition of formula (I), and/or -   at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component of     formula (VIIa)

wherein

-   R₁ and R₃ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the definition     of formula (I), -   and/or at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling     component of formula (VIIIa)

wherein

-   R₁, R₂ and R₃ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the     definition of formula (I), -   and/or at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling     component of formula (IXa)

-   wherein -   R₁, R₂ and R₃ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the     definition of formula (I), -   wherein the number of Z groups in the formula (Ia), (Ib), (Ic),     (Va), (VIa), (VIIa), (VIIIa) and/or (IXa) is at least 1, -   under conditions such that, initially, coupling does not take place,     and then causing the capped diazonium compound present on the     material to react with the coupling component.

A more preferred embodiment of the present invention is a method of colouring porous material, which comprises applying to the material being coloured, in any desired order successively, or simultaneously,

-   a) at least one capped diazonium of formula (3)

wherein

-   Q is an unsubstituted phenyl; naphthyl; thiophenyl; 1,3-thiazolyl;     1,2-thiazolyl; 1,3-benzothiazolyl; 2,3-benzothiazolyl; imidazolyl;     1,3,4-thiadiazolyl; 1,3,5-thiadiazolyl; 1,3,4-triazolyl; pyrazolyly     benzimidazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, pyridinyl, quinolinyl, pyrimidinyl     and isoxazolyl, aminodiphenyl, aminodiphenylether and azobenzenyl,     which can optionally be mono- or poly-substituted by C₁–C₄alkyl,     C₁–C₄alkoxy, C₁–C₄alkylthio, halogen, e.g. fluorine, bromine or     chlorine, nitro, trifluoromethyl, CN, SCN, C₁–C₄alkylsulfonyl,     phenylsulfonyl, benzylsulfonyl, di-C₁–C₄alkylaminosulfonyl,     C₁–C₄alkyl-carbonylamino, C₁–C₄alkoxysulfonyl or by     di-(hydroxy-C₁–C₄alkyl)-aminosulfonyl, and -   R signifies a the radical of formula —NR₁₆R₁₇, wherein R₁₆ is H;     unsubstituted linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl or linear or branched     C₁–C₆alkyl, which is substituted by one or more identical or     different substituent selected from the group consisting of     OC₁–C₄alkyl, COOH, COOC₁–C₂alkyl, SO₃H, NH₂, CN, halogen and OH, and     R₁₇ is unsubstituted linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl or linear or     branched C₁–C₆alkyl, which is substituted by one or more identical     or different substituent selected from the group consisting of     OC₁–C₄alkyl, COOH, COOC₁–C₂alkyl, SO₃H, NH₂, CN, halogen and OH, -   and -   b) at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component     of formula formulae (Ia′), (Ia″), (Ia′″), (Ia″″), (Va′), (Va″),     (Va′″), (Va″″), (VIa′), (VIIa′), (VIIa″), (VIIIa′), (IXa′) and     (IXa″)

-   wherein -   A′ and R′₁ signify independently from each other H; OH; NH₂;     NHC₁–C₄alkyl; N(C₁₋₄)₂alkyl; OC₁–C₄alkyl, wherein the two alkyl     groups of the di-alkylated amine can be the same or different, -   each R′₄ signifies independently from each other H; C₁–C₄alkyl,     preferably CH₃; OC₁–C₄alkyl, preferably OCH₃ or halogen, preferably     Cl; or a (CH₂)₀₋₂—C₆cycloalkyl or (CH₂)₀₋₂-phenyl, R′₉, R′₁₀, R′₁₁     signify independently from each other C₁–C₄alkyl, wherein the alkyl     can be linear, branched and optionally substituted by OH, CN, Cl,     COOH, SO₃H, NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, OCH₃ or OC₂H₅, -   X′⁻ signify Cl⁻; Br⁻ or J⁻, -   Y signifies —O—; —NH—; —N(C₁–C₂alkyl)-; —CONH—; —NHCO—     —CON(C₁–C₄alkyl)-; —N(C₁–C₄alkyl)CO— or —CH₂—, -   V signifies a 5, 6, or 7 membered heteroring     -   which can be aliphatic or aromatic, and     -   which contain at least one heteroatom selected from the group S,         O and/or N,     -   and which contains a positive charge,     -   preferably V is a ring selected from the group consisting of

under conditions such that, initially, coupling does not take place, and then causing the capped diazonium compound present on the material to react with the coupling component.

A further embodiment of the present invention is a method of colouring porous material, which comprises applying to the material being coloured, in any desired order successively, or simultaneously,

-   a) at least two capped diazonium compounds as defined above and -   b) at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component     as defined above, under conditions such that, initially, coupling     does not take place, and then causing the capped diazonium compound     present on the material to react with the coupling component.

A further embodiment of the present invention is a method of colouring porous material, which comprises applying to the material being coloured, in any desired order successively, or simultaneously,

-   a) at least one capped diazonium compound as defined above and -   b) at least two cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling components     as defined above, under conditions such that, initially, coupling     does not take place, and then causing the capped diazonium compound     present on the material to react with the coupling component.

A further embodiment of the present invention is a method of colouring porous material, which comprises applying to the material being coloured, in any desired order successively, or simultaneously,

-   a) at least two capped diazonium compounds as defined above and -   b) at least two cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling components     as defined above, under conditions such that, initially, coupling     does not take place, and then causing the capped diazonium compound     present on the material to react with the coupling component.

A further embodiment of the present invention is a method of colouring porous material, which comprises applying to the material being coloured, in any desired order successively, or simultaneously,

-   a) at least one capped diazonium compound as defined above and -   b) at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component     and at least one water-soluble coupling component selected from the     group consisting of acylacetarylamides, phenols, naphthols,     pyridones, quinolones, pyrazoles, indoles, diphenylamines, anilines,     aminopyridines, pyrimidones, naphthylamines, aminothiazoles,     thiophenes or hydroxypyridines, which all be unsubstituted of     substituted under conditions such that, initially, coupling does not     take place, and then causing the capped diazonium compound present     on the material to react with the coupling component.

As water-soluble coupling component, used in a mixture with at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component, acetoacetanilides, phenols, anilines, diphenylamines, naphthylamines, indoles, quinolines, pyridones, pyrazoles and aminopyridines are especially suitable.

Such coupling components may carry further substituents, for example amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, especially phenyl or naphthyl, or aryloxy, but especially a group imparting water solubility, e.g. hydroxy, carboxy, sulfo or a quaternised ammonium radical of formula (6) defined hereinbefore.

The coupling components preferably carry one or two such groups imparting water solubility. Examples of suitable coupling components are as follows:

The amines of formulae R—H and Q-NH₂ are known or can be synthesised in a manner known per se.

The compounds of formulae (1), (2), (4) and (5) are also known or can be synthesised in a manner known per se.

The compounds of formula (3) wherein R is an aliphatic residue are likewise known or can be synthesised in a manner known per se.

The compounds of formula

wherein

-   Q is an unsubstituted or substituted, water-soluble aromatic or     heterocyclic residue, and -   R′ is the radical of an unsubstituted or substituted, water-soluble     aliphatic or aromatic amine are new.

They can likewise be prepared in a manner known per se; for example, an amine of formula Q-NH₂ is, in customary manner, diazotised and coupled to an amine of formula R′—H, there coming into consideration as amines R—H only those compounds that couple at the nitrogen atom rather than at a carbon atom of the aromatic ring. Such compounds are, preferably, aniline derivatives substituted in the 4-position.

The multiplicity of shades of the dye, which results by the method according to the present invention, can be increased by combination with other dyes.

The present invention relates also to the colouration of hair with a dye, which results by the method according to the present invention, and at least one other dye.

The dye, which results by the combination of at least one capped diazonium compound and at least one coupling compound, can be combined with dyes of the same or different class of dyes, especially with direct dyes, oxidation dyes; dye precursor combinations of a coupler compound and a diazotized compound, or a capped diazotized compound; and/or cationic reactive dyes.

Direct dyes are natural or synthetic, they are uncharged, cationic or anionic, such as acid dyes.

Oxidation dye denotes also for oxidation dye precursors, which are from the group of the developer and coupler compounds.

In the context of the invention the single classes of dyes comprise the dyes defined in the Color Index of the Society of Textile Chemist and Colorist.

In the following suitable direct dyes for the combination with the method according to the present invention are described.

Directs dyes are for example described in “Dermatology”, edited by Ch. Culnan, H. Maibach, Verlag Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, Basle, 1986, Vol. 7, Ch. Zviak, The Science of Hair Care, chapter 7, pages 248–250, and

in “Europäisches Inventar der Kosmetikrohstoffe”, 1996, published by The European Commission, obtainable in diskette form from the Bundesverband der deutschen Industrie-und Handelsunternehmen für Arzneimittel, Reformwaren und Körperpflegemittel e.V., Mannheim.

Preferred direct dyes, which are suitable as single dye or in combination with other direct dyes, especially for semi permanent dyeing, are:

-   2-Amino-3-nitrophenol, 2-Amino-4-hydroxyethylamino-anisole sulfate,     2-Amino-6-chloro-4-nitrophenol,     2-Chloro-5-nitro-N-hydroxyethylene-p-phenylendiamine,     2-Hydroxyethyl-picramic acid,     2,6-Diamino-3-((pyridine-3yl)-azo)pyridine,     2-Nitro-5-glyceryl-methylaniline,     3-Methylamino-4-nitro-phenoxyethanol,     4-Amino-2-nitrodiphenyleneamine-2′-carboxilic acid, 6-Nitro-1,2,3,4,     -tetrahydroquinoxaline,     4-N-Ethyl-1,4-bis(2′-hydroxyethylamino-2-nitrobenzene hydrochloride,     1-Methyl-3-nitro-4-(2′-hydroxyethyl)-aminobenzene,     3-Nitro-p-hydroxyethyl-aminophenol, 4-Amino-3-nitrophenol,     4-Hydroxypropylamine-3-nitrophenol (BN),     Hydroxy-anthrylaminopropylmethyl morphlino methosulfat,     4-Nitrophenyl-aminoethylurea, 6-Nitro-p-toluidine, Acid Blue 62,     Acid Blue 9, Acid Red 35, Acid Red 87 (Eosin), Acid Violet 43, Acid     Yellow 1, Basic Blue 3, Basic Blue 6, Basic Blue 7, Basic Blue 9,     Basic Blue 12, Basic Blue 26, Basic Blue 99, Basic Brown 16, Basic     Brown 17, Basic Red 2, Basic Red 22, Basic Red 76, Basic Violet 14,     Basic Yellow 57, Basic Yellow 9, Disperse Blue 3, Disperse Orange 3,     Disperse Red 17, Disperse Violet 1, Disperse Violet 4, Disperse     Black 9, Fast Green FCF, HC-Blue 2, HC-Blue 7, HC-Blue 8, HC-Blue     12, HC-Orange 1, HC-Orange 2, HC-Red 1, HC-Red 10-11, HC-Red 13,     HC-Red 16, HC-Red 3, HC-Red BN, HC-Red 7, HC-Violet 1, HC-Violet 2,     HC-Yellow 2, HC-Yellow 5, HC-Yellow 5, HC-Yellow 6, HC-Yellow 7,     HC-Yellow 9, HC-Yellow 12, HC-Red 8,     Hydroxyethyl-2-nitro-p-toluidine,     N,N-Bis-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2-nitro-p-phenylendiamine (BS), Picramic     Acid, Solvent Green 7.

Preferred direct dyes, which are suitable as single dye or in combination with other direct dyes or oxidative dyes and oxidization agents, especially for semi permanent dyeing and permanent dyeing, are:

Disperse Violet 4, Picramic acid, N,N′-Bis-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2-nitro-p-phenylendiamine, HC Yellow No. 5, HC Blue No. 2, HC Yellow No. 2, 2-Chloro-5-nitro-N-hydroxyethyl-p-phenylendiamine, HC Red No. 3, 4-Amino-3-nitrophenol, Basic Blue 99, 2-Hydroxyethyl Picramic acid, HC Yellow No. 6, Hydroxyethyl-2-nitro-p-toluidine, 2-Amino-6-chloro-4-nitrophenol, 4-Hydroxypropylamino-3-nitrophenol, Basic Red 2, HC Red No. 16 and HC Blue No. 16.

In the following suitable cationic dyes for the combination with the method according to the present invention are described.

Preferred cationic dyes are described

-   -   in WO 95/01772, especially on page 2, line 7 to page 4, line 1,         and especially on page 4, line 35 to page 8, line 21 and on         pages 11 to 27, or     -   in WO 01/66646, especially on page 1, line 18 to page 3, line         16, and preferred from page 16, line 20 to page 22, and cationic         dyes as described on pages 10 to 17, or     -   in EP 970 685, especially on page 2, line 44 to page 9, line 56         and preferably on page 9, line 58 to page 48, line 12, or     -   direct dyes as described in DE-A-19 713 698, especially page 2,         line 61 to page 3, line 43, or     -   direct dyes and oxidizing agent as described in WO 97/20545,         especially on page 1, lines 4 to 10, in particular on page 3,         lines 24 to 32, and on page 11, line 6 to page 13, line 19,         especially with direct dyes as described on page 5, line 28 to         page 8, line 20, or     -   cationic dyes and anionic UV-absorbers as described in EP 1 166         752, especially on page 3, line 20 to page 4, line 21, in         particular with UV absorber on page 4, lines 26 to 3, and         especially on page 7, line 47 to page 9, line 56.

More preferred are cationic dyes as described in WO 01/66646, especially on page 16, example 1, and on page 19, example 4, or

as described in WO 95/01772, especially on page 11, example 1, and on page 13, example 4, or as described in WO 01/11708, especially example 6, compound of formula 106.

Also very suitable for combination with the method according to the invention are cationic nitroaniline and anthraquinone dyes, for example those described in the following patent specifications: U.S. Pat. No. 5,298,029, especially in column 2, line 33 to column 5, line 38; U.S. Pat. No. 5,360,930, especially in column 2, line 38 to column 5, line 49; U.S. Pat. No. 5,169,403, especially in column 2, line 30 to column 5, line 38; U.S. Pat. No. 5,256,823, especially in column 4, line 23 to column 5, line 15; U.S. Pat. No. 5,135,543, especially in column 4, line 24 to column 5, line 16; EP-A-818 193, especially on page 2, line 40 to page 3, line 26; U.S. Pat. No. 5,486,629, especially in column 2, line 34 to column 5, line 29; and EP-A-758 547, especially on page 7, line 48 to page 8, line 19.

Also very suitable for combination with the method according to the invention are mixtures of cationic dyes with other dyes:

-   -   mixtures of at least two cationic dyes as described in WO         95/01772, especially on page 8, line 34 to page 10, line 22 with         the given preferences, or     -   combinations of Pyrazolo-[1,5-a]-pyrimidines with at least one         cationic dye as described in EP 998,908, especially on page 2,         line 34 to line 42, with preferred Pyrazolo-[1,5-a]-pyrimidines         as described in EP 998,908, especially on page 2, line 48 to         page 4, line 3, and with preferred cationic direct dyes as         described in EP 998,908, especially on page 4, line 22 to page         47, line 24, or     -   combinations of cationic dyes as described in FR-2788432,         especially on page 53, line 1 to page 63, line 23, especially a         combination of cationic dyes with Arianors in FR-2788432,         especially on pages 51 to 52, or especially a combination with         at least one Basic Brown 17, Basic brown 16, Basic Red 76 and         Basic Red 118, and/or at least one Basic Yellow 57, and/or at         least one Basic Blue 99, or     -   combinations of direct dyes and/or an oxidation dye and         oxidizing agents in the form of permanent-wave fixing solution,         especially with direct dyes as described in DE-A-19 713 698,         especially page 4, line 65 to page 35, line 59, or     -   combinations of cationic dyes and an oxidation dye of the         developer compound type and oxidizing agents as described in EP         850 638, especially on page 2, line 27 to page 7, line 46 and         preferred on page 7, line 20 to page 9, line 26, or     -   combinations of an extemporaneous mixture of a composition (A)         containing one or more oxidation dye precursors and optionally         one or more couplers, and of a composition (B), in powder form,         containing one or more direct dye, preferably cationic,         optionally dispersed in an organic pulverulent excipient and/or         a mineral pulverulent excipient, and a composition (C)         containing one or more oxidizing agent as described in U.S. Pat.         No. 6,190,421, especially in column 2, lines 2 to 1, and         preferably with oxidation dye precursors as described in column         2, line 35 to column 5, line 13, and preferably with direct dyes         as described in column 5, line 30 to column 7, line 14, or     -   a ready-to-use composition comprising, at least one oxidation         base, at least one cationic direct dye and at least one enzyme         of 2-electron oxidoreductase type in the presence of at least         one donor for the said enzyme as described in U.S. Pat. No.         6,228,129, especially in column 26, line 26 to column 27, line 9         with cationic direct dyes as described in column 8, line 17 to         column 13, line 65, especially those as described in column 20,         line 11 to line 19, in column 23, line 61 to column 24, line 25,         or     -   compositions of at least one direct cationic dye and at least         one nitrated benzene dye as described in WO 99/20235 on page 2,         line 1 to page 7, line 9, and on page 39, line 1 to page 40b         line 11, with cationic direct dyes as described on page 8, line         12 to page 25 line 6, and nitro benzene direct dyes as described         on page 26, line 7 to page 30, line 15, or     -   compositions of at least one direct cationic dye and at least         one autooxidisable oxidation dye, especially benzene, indol and         indoline derivatives as described in WO 99/20234, with in         preferred direct dyes as given on page 2, line 17 to page 26,         line 4, and autooxidisable oxidation dye as described especially         on page 26, line 10 to page 28, line 15, or     -   oxidation dyeing compositions of at least one direct dye and at         least one meta-Aminophenol derivative and at least one developer         compound and an oxidizing agent as described in EP 850 636,         especially on page 5, line 41 to page 7, line 52, and preferably         on page 19, line 50 to page 22, line 12, with preferred direct         dye as described on page 18, lines 1 and 2 in connection with         page 7, line 53 to page 17, line 55, and with preferred         meta-Aminophenol derivatives as described on page 7, line 47 to         line 52, and with preferred developer compounds as described on         page 6, line 10 to page 7, line 46, or     -   oxidation dyeing compositions of at least one direct dye and at         least one developer compound selected from the group of         para-Phenylenediamine derivatives and Bis-Phenylalkylenediamine         and, and at least one coupler compound selected from the group         of meta-Diphenols and an oxidizing agent, as described in         EP-A-850 637, especially on page 6, line 50 to page 8, line 44,     -   oxidation dyeing compositions with cationic couplers, as         described in WO 99/48856, especially on page 9, line 16 to page         13, line 8, and page 11, line 20 to page 12, line 13, or     -   cationic dye and e.g. a pyrazolo-(1,5-a)-pyrimidine derivatives,         as described in EP 998 908, especially on page 2, line 34 to         page 4, line 23, or     -   arianoren and/or oxidative dyes, as described in FR-2 788 432,         especially on page 2, line 16 to page 3, line 16, and page 5,         line 19 to page 14, line 8, and combinations with cationic dyes         as described on page 14, line 23 and following, or     -   oxidative dye precursors (unsaturated aldehyde and coupler         compounds), as described in German Patent Application 197 172         24, especially unsaturated aldehydes as described on page 2,         line 50 to line 66 and page 3 line 8 to line 12 are used as         developer compounds, and primary and secondary amino group         compounds, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, amino         acids, oligopeptids, aromatic hydroxy compounds, CH-active         compounds as described on page 3, line 42 to page 5 line 25 are         used as coupler compounds.

Also cationic azo dyes, e.g. according to GB-A-2 319 776, as well as the oxazine dyes described in DE-A-29 912 327 and mixtures thereof with the other direct dyes mentioned therein, can likewise readily be combined.

Especially preferred direct dye mixtures comprising a dye of formula (I) of WO 01/66646, and also the yellow dye according to Example 1 of WO 95/1772 and/or the red dye according to Example 4 of WO 95/1772 and/or the orange dye according to Example 46 of WO 95/1772.

No particular limitation is imposed on the acid dye used in the present invention so far as it is a water-soluble acid dye.

For the purpose of further modification of color shades, the method of colouring according to the invention may comprise customary acid dyes, for example from the group of the compounds known by the international names (Color index), or trade names.

Preferred examples of acid dyes are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,248,314, they include Red Color No. 120, Yellow Color No. 4, Yellow Color No. 5, Red Color No. 201, Red Color No. 227, Orange Color No. 205, Brown Color No. 201, Red Color No. 502, Red Color No. 503, Red Color No. 504, Red Color No. 506, Orange Color No. 402, Yellow Color No. 402, Yellow Color No. 406, Yellow Color No. 407, Red Color No. 213, Red Color No. 214, Red Color No. 3, Red Color No. 104, Red Color No. 105(1), Red Color No. 106, Green Color No. 2, Green Color No. 3, Orange Color No. 207, Yellow Color No. 202(1), Yellow Color No. 202(2), Blue Color No. 202, Blue Color No. 203, Blue Color No. 205, Blue Color No. 2, Yellow Color No. 203, Blue Color No. 201, Green Color No. 201, Blue Color NO. 1, Red Color No. 230(1), Red Color No. 231, Red Color No. 232, Green Color No. 204, Green Color No. 205, Red Color No. 401, Yellow Color No. 403(1), Green Color No. 401, Green Color No. 402, Black Color No. 401 and Purple Color No. 401, especially Black Color No. 401, Purple Color 401, Orange Color No. 205.

These acid dyes may be used either single or in any combination thereof.

Preferably they are incorporated in a proportion of 0.001–5% by weight (hereinafter indicated merely by “%”), particularly 0.005–4%, more particularly 0.2–3% based on the total weight of the composition, from the viewpoint of practical use in that a sufficient hair-dyeing effect is achieved, and the hand skin is scarcely smeared.

Also very suitable for combination with the method according to the invention are uncharged dyes, for example from the group of the nitroanilines, nitrophenylenediamines, nitroaminophenols, anthraquinones, indophenols, phenazines, phenothiazines, bispyrazolons or bispyrazol aza derivatives or methines.

Also very suitable for combination with the method according to the invention are oxidation dyes.

Suitable oxidation dyes are described for example in

-   German Patent Application 19 94 450, especially on page 6, line 6 to     line 64, or -   German Patent Application 19 959 479, especially in column 2, line 6     to column 3, line 11, or -   in the series “Dermatology”, edited by Ch. Culnan, H. Maibach,     Verlag Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, Basle, 1986, Vol. 7, Ch. Zviak,     The Science of Hair Care, chapter 8, on pages 264–267 (oxidation     dyes), or -   in German Patent Application 19 717 224; unsaturated aldehydes as     described on page 2, line 50 to line 66 and on page 3 line 8 to line     12 are used as developer compounds, and primary and secondary amino     group compounds, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, amino     acids, oligopeptids, aromatic hydroxy compounds, CH-active compounds     as described on page 3, line 42 to page 5 line 8 are used as coupler     compounds.

Oxidation dye precursors of the developer type are for example primary aromatic amines, which are substituted in the para- or ortho-position with a substituted or unsubstituted hydroxy- or amino residue, or diaminopyridine derivatives, heterocyclic hydrazones, 4-amino-pyrazol derivatives, 2,4,5,6-tetraaminopyrimidin derivatives, or unsaturated aldehydes as described in German Patent Application 19 717 224, especially on page 2, line 50 to line 66 and on page 3 line 8 to line 12, or cationic developer compounds as described in WO 00/43367, especially on page, 2 line 27 to page 8, line 24, in particular on page 9, line 22 to page 11, line 6.

Also very suitable for combination with the method according to the invention are developer dyes in their physiological compatible acid addition salt form, such as hydrochloride or sulfate. Developer dyes which have aromatic OH substituents are also suitable in their salt form with base, such as alkalimetalphenolates.

Preferred developer compounds are:

-   1,4-diamino-benzene (p-phenylendiamine),     1,4-diamino-2-methyl-benzene (p-toluylen-diamine),     1,4-diamino-2,6-dimethyl-benzene, 1,4-diamino-2,5-dimethyl-benzene,     1,4-diamino-2,3-dimethyl-benzene, 2-chloro-1,4-diaminobenzene,     4-phenylamino-aniline, 4-di-methylamino-aniline,     4-diethylamino-aniline, hydroxyethyl-p-phenylendiamine,     1-(2′-hydroxy-ethyl)-2,5-diaminobenzene,     N,N-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-p-phenylendiamine,     4-[(2-methoxyethyl-)amino]-aniline,     4-[(3-hydroxypropyl)amino]-aniline,     hydroxypropyl-bis-(N-hydroxyethyl-p-phenylenediamine)hydrochloride,     1,4-diamino-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-benzene,     1,4-diamino-2-(1-methylethyl)-benzene,     2-(2,5-diaminophenoxy)-ethanol,     1,3-bis[(4-aminophenyl)(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-2-propanol,     bis-(2-hydroxy-5-aminophenyl)-methane,1,4-bis-(4-aminophenyl)-diazacycloheptane,     1,8-bis(2,5-diaminophenoxy)-3,6-dioxaoctan,     1,10-bis-(2,5-diaminophenyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraoxadecane,     hydroxyethyl-3,4-methylenedioxyaniline, p-aminophenol,     o-aminophenol, m-aminophenol, 2-amino-6-methyl-phenol,     4-methylaminophenol sulfate, 4-amino-m-cresol, 6-amino-m-cresol,     6-amino-m-cresol, 2-amino-4-hydroxyethylaminoanisole,     2-amino-5-methyl-phenol, 4-amino-3-methylphenol,     4-methylamino-phenol, 2-aminomethyl-4-aminophenol,     4-amino-2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)-amino]methyl-phenol,     4-amino-2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-phenol,     4-amino-2-(methoxymethyl)-phenol, 4-amino-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-phenol,     2-hydroxymethylamino-4-aminophenol, bis-(4-aminophenyl)amine,     4-amino-3-fluorphenol, 2-hydroxymethyl-4-aminophenol,     4-amino-2-(diethylamino)-methyl)-phenol, 5-amino-salicylsäure,     2,5-diamino-pyridine, 2-amino-3-hydroxy-pyridine,     2,6-dimethoxy-3,5-diamino-pyridine, 2,4,5,6-tetraaminopyrimidine,     2-hydroxy-4,5,6-triaminopyrimidine,     4-hydroxy-2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine,     2,4-dihydroxy-5,6-diaminopyrimidine,     2-dimethylamino-4,5,6-triaminopyrimidine,     2,5,6-triamino-4-(1H)-pyrimi-done, further 4,5-diaminopyrazol     derivatives as described in EP 0 740 741 or WO 94/08970, especially     4,5-diamino-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1H-pyrazol,     4,5-diamino-1-(1-methylethyl)-1H-pyrazol,     4,5-diamino-1-[(4-methylphenyl)methyl]-1H-pyrazol,     1-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]-4,5-diamino-1H-pyrazol,     4,5-diamino-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol.

More preferred developer dyes are p-phenylendiamine, p-toluylendiamine, p-aminophenol, m-aminophenol, o-aminophenol, N,N-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-p-phenylendiamine sulfate, 2-amino-4-hydroxyethylaminoanisole sulfate, hydroxyethyl-3,4-methylenedioxyaniline, 1-(2′-hydroxyethyl)-2,5-diaminobenzene, 2,6-dimethoxy-3,5-diamino-pyridine, hydroxypropyl-bis-(N-hydroxyethyl-p-phenylenediamine)hydrochloride, hydroxyethyl-p-phenylendiamine sulfate,4-amino-3-methylphenol, 4-methylaminophenol sulfate, 2-aminomethyl-4-aminophenol, 4,5-diamino-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1H-pyrazol, 4-amino-m-cresol, 6-amino-m-cresol, 5-amino-6-chloro-cresol, 2,4,5,6-tetraaminopyrimidine, 2-hydroxy-4,5,6-triaminopyrimidine, 4-hydroxy-2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine sulfate.

Preferred oxidation dye precursors of the coupler type are for example m-phenylendiamine derivatives, naphthole, resorcine and resorcine derivatives, pyrazolone and m-aminophenol derivatives.

Especially preferred coupler compounds are N-(3-dimethylamino-phenyl)-urea, 4-amino-2-hydroxytoluene, 2-methyl-5-hydroxyethylaminophenol, 2,4-diaminophenoxyethanol, 2-amino-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-anisole, p-aminophenol, m-aminophenol and its derivatives, especially 5-amino-2-methylphenol, 5-(3-hydroxypropylamino)-2-methylphenol, 3-amino-2-chloro-6-methylphenol, 2-hydroxy-4-aminophenoxyethanol, 2,6-dimethyl-3-aminophenol, 3-trifluoroacetylamino-2-chloro-6-methylphenol, 5-amino-4-chloro-2-methylphenol, 5-amino-4-methoxy-2-methylphenol, 5-(2′-hydroxyethyl)-amino-2-methylphenol, 3-(diethylamino)-phenol, N-cyclopentyl-3-aminophenol, 1,3-dihydroxy-5-(methylamino)-benzene, 3-(ethyl-amino)-4-methylphenol and 2,4-dichloro-3-aminophenol,

-   -   o-aminophenol and its derivatives, such as         5-methyl-2-(1-methylamino)-phenol, 3-di-methylamino-phenol,         3-diethylamino-phenol, 5-amino-2-methyl-phenol,         5-amino-4-fluor-2-methyl-phenol,         5-amino-4-methoxy-2-methyl-phenol,         5-amino-4-ethoxy-2-methyl-phenol, 3-amino-2,4-dichlor-phenol,         5-amino-2,4-dichlor-phenol, 3-amino-2-methyl-phenol,         3-amino-2-chlor-6-methyl-phenol, 3-amino-phenol,         2-[(3-hydroxy-phenyl)amino]-acetamide,         5-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-2-methyl-phenol,         3-[(2-hydroxy-ethyl)amino]-phenol,         3-[(2-methoxyethyl)amino]-phenol, 5-amino-2-ethyl-phenol,         2-(4-amino-2-hydroxyphenoxy)-ethanol,         5-[(3-hydroxypropyl)amino]-2-methyl-phenol,         3-[(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)amino]-2-methyl-phenol,         3-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-2-methyl-phenol,     -   m-dlaminobenzene and its derivatives such as         2,4-diaminophenoxyethanol, 1,3-bis-(2,4-diaminophenoxy)-propane,         1-methoxy-2-amino-4-(2′-hydroxyethylamino)-benzene,         1,3-bis-(2,4-diaminophenyl)-propane,         3-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]-aniline,         1,3-di(2,4-diaminophenoxy)-propane,         1,3-diamino-2,4-dimethoxy-benzene,         2,6-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino-toluene,         di(2,4-diaminophenoxy)-methane,         3-[di(2-hydroxyethyl-)amino]-aniline,         2,6-bis-(2-hydroxyethylamino)-1-methylbenzene and         1-amino-3-bis-(2′-hydroxyethyl)-aminobenzene,     -   o-diaminobenzene and its derivatives such as 3,4-diaminobenzoic         acid and 2,3-diamino-1-methylbenzene,         2,4-diamino-1-fluor-5-methyl-benzene,         2,4-diamino-1-methoxy-5-methyl-benzene,         1-(2-aminoethoxy)-2,4-diaminobenzene,         2-amino-1-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-4-methylamino-benzene,         2,4-diaminophenoxy-acetic acid,         2,4-di-amino-1-ethoxy-5-methyl-benzene,         3-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-aniline, 3,4-diamino-benzoic acid,         3,4-dihydro-6-hydroxy-1,4(2H)-benzoxazine,         6-amino-3,4-dihydro-1,4(2H)-benzoxazine,         2,4-diamino-1,5-di(2-hydroxyethoxy)-benzene,         2,4-diamino-1-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-5-methyl-benzene,         4-amino-2-di[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-1-ethoxy-benzene         2,4-di[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-1,5-dimethoxy-benzene,         3,4-dihydro-6-hydroxy-1,4(2H)-benzoxazine,         6-amino-3,4-dihydro-1,4(2H)-benzoxazine,     -   di- or trihydroxybenzene derivatives such as resorcine,         resorcinmonomethylether, 2-methylresorcine, 5-methylresorcine,         2,5-dimethylresorcine, 1-chloro-2,4-dihydroxy-benzene,         2-chlororesorcine, 4-chlororesorcine,         2,6-dihydroxyethylaminotoluene,         1,2-dichlor-3,5-dihydroxy-4-methyl-benzene,         1,5-dichlor-2,4-dihydroxy-benzene,         1,3-di-hydroxy-2-methyl-benzene, pyrogallol and         1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene,     -   pyridine derivatives such as 2,6-diamino-pyridine,         2,6-dihydroxypyridine, 2-amino-3-hydroxypyridine,         2-amino-5-chloro-3-hydroxypyridine,         5-amino-4-chloro-2-methyl-phenol, 3-diamino-6-methoxy-pyridine,         3-amino-2-methylamino-6-methoxypyridine,         2,6-dihydroxy-3,4-dimethylpyridine,         2,6-dihydroxy-4-methylpyridine, 2,6-diamino-pyridine,         2,3-diamino-6-methoxypyridine,         2,6-diamino-3,5-dimethoxy-pyridine, and         3,5-diamino-2,6-dimethoxypyridine,     -   naphthaline derivatives such as 1-naphthol, 2-methyl-1-naphthol,         2-hydroxymethyl-1-naphthol, 2-hydroxyethyl-1-naphthol,         1,5-dihydroxynaphthaline, 1,6-dihydroxy-naphthaline,         1,7-dihydroxynaphthaline, 1,8-dihydroxynaphthaline,         2,7-dihydroxy-naphthaline and 2,3-dihydroxynaphthaline,         2-methyl-1-naphthol-acetat,     -   morpholine derivatives such as 6-hydroxybenzomorpholine and         6-aminobenzo-morpholine,     -   chinoxaline derivatives such as         6-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrochinoxaline,     -   pyrazol derivatives such as -phenyl-3-methylpyrazol-5-one,         3-methyl-1-phenyl-5-pyrazolone,     -   indol derivatives such as 4-hydroxyindol, 5-hydroxy-indol,         6-hydroxyindol and 7-hydroxyindol, 2,3-indolindione,         5,6-dihydroxy-indol, 5,6-dihydroxy-indoline,     -   methylendioxybenzene derivates such as         1-hydroxy-3,4-methylendioxybenzene,         1-amino-3,4-methylendioxybenzene and         1-(2′-hydroxyethyl)-amino-3,4-methylen-dioxybenzene,         3,4-methylendioxy-phenol, 3,4-methylendioxy-aniline,         5-[(2-hydroxy-ethyl)amino]-1,3-benzodioxol,         6-brom-1-hydroxy-3,4-methylendioxy-benzene, or     -   cationic coupler compounds as described in FR 2 794 644,         especially on page 11, line 20 to page 15, line 34, and on page         17, lines 4 to 12, page 178, line 33 to page 18, line 24.

More especially preferred coupler compounds are toluene-2,5-diamnine sulfate, 1-naphthol, 1,5-, 2,7- and 1,7-dihydroxynaphthaline, 3-aminophenol, 5-amino-2-methylphenol, 2-amino-3-hydroxypyridin, resorcinol, 4-chlororesorcine, 2-chloro-6-methyl-3-aminophenol, 2,6-di-hydroxyethylaminotoluene, 2-methyl-5-dihydroxyethylaminophenol, 2,4-diaminophenoxy-ethylol hydrochloride, 2-methylresorcine, 5-methylresorcine, 2,5-dimethylresorcine, 3,4-methylenedioxyphenol, 2-amino-4-hydroxyethylaminoanisole sulfate, 2,6-di-(beta-hydroxy-ethylamino)-toluene, 4-amino-2-hydroxytoluene, 6-hydroxyindol, 2-amino-3hydroxypyridine, 2,6-dimethoxy-3,5-pyridinediamine hydrochloride and 2,6-dihydroxy-3,4-dimethylpyridine.

Most preferred coupler compounds are 2-chloro-6-methyl-3-aminophenol, 5-amino-2-methylphenol, 2-amino-3-hydroxypyridine, 2,6-di-(beta-hydroxyethylamino)-toluol, 2-methylresorcine and 1-naphthol.

The developer/-coupler combination 2,4,5,6-Tetraaminopyrimidine and 2-Methylresorcine are preferred for assessing of red shades, or

-   p-Toluenediamine and 4-Amino-2-hydroxytoluene are preferred for     assessing of blue-violet shades, or -   p-Toluenediamine and 2-Amino-4-hydroxyethylaminoanisole are     preferred for assessing of blue shades, or -   p-Toluenediamine and 2,4-Diamino-phenoxyethynol are preferred for     assessing of blue shades, or -   3-Methyl-4-aminophenol and 4-Amino-2-hydroxytlouene are preferred     for assessing of orange shades, or -   p-Toluenediamine and resorcine are preferred for assessing of     brown-green shades, or -   p-Toluenediamine and 1-Naphthol are preferred for assessing of     blue-violet shades, or -   p-Toluenediamine and 2-methylresorcine are preferred for assessing     of brown-gold shades.

Further, the colouring method according to the present invention may also contain autooxidizable compounds, such as, for example benzene, indol, or indoline, especially 5,6-dihydroxyindol or 5,6-dihydroxyindoline derivatives as described in WO 99/20234, especially on page 26, line 10 to page 28, line 15, or in WO 00/28957 on page 2, third paragraph.

Preferred autooxidizable benzene derivatives are:

-   1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene, 1-methyl-2,4,5-trihydroxybenzene,     2,4-diamnio-6-methylphenol, 2-amino-4-methylaminophenol,     2,5-diamino-4-methyl-phenol, 2,6-diamino-4-diethylamino-phenol,     2,6-diamino-1,4-dihydroxybenzen, and the salts of these compounds,     which are accessible with acid.

Preferred autooxidizable indol derivatives are:

-   5,6-dihydroxyindol, 2-methyl-5,6-dihydroxyindol,     3-methyl-5,6-dihydroxyindole, 1-methyl-5,6-dihydroxyindol,     2,3-dimethyl-5,6-dihydroxyindol, 5-methoxy-6-dihydroxyindol,     5-acetoxy-6-hydroixyindol, 5,6-diacetoxyindol, acid of     5,6-dihydroxyindol-2-carbon acid, and the salts of these compounds,     which are accessible with acid.

Preferred autooxidizable indoline derivatives are:

-   5,6-dihydroxyindoline, 1-methyl-5,6-dihydroxyindoline,     1-ethyl-5,6-dihydroxyindoline, and the salts of these compounds,     which are accessible with acid.

The colouring method according to the present invention also concerns the joint use of at least two different developers and at least one coupler compound, or combinations of at least two different couplers and at least one developer compound. Such combinations are for example described in German Patent Application 197 172 24, especially on page 3, line 31 to page 5, line 8.

In addition, the colouring method according to the present invention may also contain naturally occurring dyes, such as, for example, henna red, henna neutral, henna black, camomile blossom, sandalwood, black tea, Rhamnus frangula bark, sage, campeche wood, madder root, catechu, sedre and alkanet root. Such colouring methods are described, for example, in EP-A-404 868, especially on page 3, line 55 to page 4, line 9.

One further embodiment of the present invention concerns formulations, which are used for the colouration of keratin fibres, especially human hair.

The formulations are applicable on human hair in different technical forms. The specific technical form may be chosen in view of the envisaged application and/or dye or dye composition. Technical forms of formulation are for example a solution, especially a thickened watery or watery alcoholic solution, a cream, foam, a gel, or an emulsion.

Preferred forms of formulations are ready to use compositions or a multi-compartment dyeing device or ‘kit’ or any of the multi-compartment packaging systems with compartments as described for example as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,190,421, column 2, lines 16 to 31.

The colouring compositions for carrying out the method according to the invention may furthermore comprise any active ingredient, additive or adjuvant known for such preparations.

Adjuvants that are suitable for such formulations are in general customary in the field hair-colouring, such as for example surfactants or tensides, solvents, bases, acids, perfumes, polymeric adjuvant, thickeners and light stabilisers.

Suitable combinations of the colouring compositions for carrying out the method according to the invention with adjuvant used in the colouring of hair, for example with

-   combination of direct dyes with oxidizing agents to achieve     lightened colouration; wherein oxidizing agents especially described     in WO 97/20545, especially page 9, lines 5 to 9, -   combination of direct dyes and/or an oxidation dye and oxidizing     agents in the form of permanent-wave fixing solution, especially     oxidizing agents as described in DE-A-19 713 698, especially page 4,     lines 52 to 55, or EP-A-1 062 940, especially page 6, lines 41 to     47, (and in the equivalent WO 99/40895), -   oxidation dyes in the presence of oxidoreductase enzyme, as     described in WO 99/17730, especially page 4, line 11 to page 13,     line 28, and WO 99/36034, especially pages 3 to 15, -   combination of cationic dyes with polyols or polyethers; polyols or     polyethers as described in EP-A-962 219, especially page 27, lines     14 to 38, -   thickening polymers, as described in EP-A-970 684, especially page     48, line 16 to page 51, line 4, -   sugar-containing polymers, as described in EP-A-970 687, especially     page 28, line 17 to page 29, line 23, -   quaternary ammonium salts, as described in WO 00/10517, especially     page 44, line 16 to page 46, line 23, -   anionic surfactants, as described in WO 00/10518, especially page     45, line 11 to page 48, line 3, -   non-ionic surfactants, as described in WO 00/10519, especially page     45, line 11 to page 50, line 12, or -   silicones, as described in WO 00/12057, especially page 45, line 9     to page 55, line 2. -   oxidative agent or laser and direct dyes, as described in EP-920     856, especially on page 2, line 31 to page 53 line 36, and on page     49, line 38 to page 50, line 41, with direct dyes as described on     page 3, line 54 to page 48, line 52, or -   direct dyes in the presence of cationic amphotere, substantive     polymer, as described in EP-953 334, especially on page 2, line 39     to page 7, line 44, with direct dyes as described on page 8, line 54     to page 27, line 16, and polymers as described on page 27, line 17     to page 30, line 14, or -   direct dyes formulations with polymer thickener on the basis of     acrylic acid, as described in EP-970 685, especially on page 2, line     39 to page 10, line 1, with direct dyes as described on page 10,     line 7 to page 48, line 15, with polymers as described on page 48,     line 17 to page 49, line 28.

The colouring composition for carrying out the method according to the invention in many cases comprise at least one surfactant, there being suitable in principle anionic and also zwitterionic, ampholytic, non-ionic and cationic surfactants. In many cases, however, it has proved advantageous to select the surfactants from anionic, zwitterionic and non-ionic surfactants.

Anionic surfactants suitable for use in the colouring compositions for carrying out the method according to the invention include all anionic surface-active substances that are suitable for use on the human body. Such substances are characterised by an anionic group that imparts water solubility, for example a carboxylate, sulfate, sulfonate or phosphate group, and a lipophilic alkyl group having approximately from 10 to 22 carbon atoms. In addition, glycol or polyglycol ether groups, ester, ether and amide groups and also hydroxy groups may be present in the molecule. The following are examples of suitable anionic surfactants, each in the form of sodium, potassium or ammonium salts or mono-, di- or tri-alkanolammonium salts having 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the alkanol group:

-   linear fatty acids having from 10 to 22 carbon atoms (soaps), -   ether carboxylic acids of formula R—O—(CH₂—CH₂—O)_(x)—CH₂—COOH, in     which R is a linear alkyl group having from 10 to 22 carbon atoms     and x=0 or from 1 to 16, -   acyl sarcosides having from 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the acyl group, -   acyl taurides having from 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the acyl group, -   acyl isothionates having from 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the acyl     group, -   sulfosuccinic mono- and di-alkyl esters having from 8 to 18 carbon     atoms in the alkyl group and sulfosuccinic monoalkylpolyoxyethyl     esters having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and from     1 to 6 oxyethyl groups, -   linear alkane sulfonates having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, -   linear α-olefin sulfonates having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, -   α-sulfo fatty acid methyl esters of fatty acids having from 12 to 18     carbon atoms, -   alkyl sulfates and alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates of formula     R′—O(CH₂—CH₂—O)_(x)—SO₃H, in which R′ is a preferably linear alkyl     group having from 10 to 18 carbon atoms and x′=0 or from 1 to 12, -   mixtures of surface-active hydroxysulfonates according to DE-A-3 725     030, especially page 3, lines 40 to 55, -   sulfated hydroxyalkylpolyethylene and/or hydroxyalkylenepropylene     glycol ethers according to DE-A-3 723 354, especially page 4, lines     42 to 62, -   sulfonates of unsaturated fatty acids having from 12 to 24 carbon     atoms and from 1 to 6 double bonds according to DE-A-3 926 344,     especially page 2, lines 36 to 54, -   esters of tartaric acid and citric acid with alcohols which are     addition products of approximately from 2 to 15 molecules of     ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide with fatty alcohols having     from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, or -   anionic surfactants, as described in WO 00/10518, especially page     45, line 11 to page 48, line 3.

Preferred anionic surfactants are alkyl sulfates, alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates and ether carboxylic acids having from 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and up to 12 glycol ether groups in the molecule, and also especially salts of saturated and especially unsaturated C₈–C₂₂carboxylic acids, such as oleic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid and palmitic acid.

Surface-active compounds that carry at least one quaternary ammonium group and at least one —COO⁽⁻⁾ or —SO₃ ⁽⁻⁾ group in the molecule are termed zwitterionic surfactants. Zwitterionic surfactants that are especially suitable are the so-called betaines, such as the N-alkyl-N,N-dimethylammonium glycinates, for example cocoalkyldimethylammonium glycinate, N-acylaminopropyl-N,N-dimethylammonium glycinates, for example cocoacylaminopropyl-dimethylammonium glycinate, and 2-alkyl-3-carboxymethyl-3-hydroxyethylimidazolines having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl group and also cocoacylaminoethylhydroxyethylcarboxymethyl glycinate. A preferred zwitterionic surfactant is the fatty acid amide derivative known by the CTFA name cocoamidopropyl betaine.

Ampholytic surfactants are to be understood as meaning surface-active compounds that, in addition to a C₈–C₁₈-alkyl or -acyl group, contain at least one free amino group and at least one —COOH or —SO₃H group in the molecule and are capable of forming internal salts. Examples of suitable ampholytic surfactants include N-alkylglycines, N-alkylpropionic acids, N-alkylaminobutyric acids, N-alkyliminodipropionic acids, N-hydroxyethyl-N-alkylamidopropyl-glycines, N-alkyltaurines, N-alkylsarcosines, 2-alkylaminopropionic acids and alkylaminoacetic acids, each having approximately from 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. Ampholytic surfactants to which special preference is given are N-cocoalkyl-aminopropionate, cocoacylaminoethylaminopropionate and C₁₂–C₁₈acylsarcosine.

Non-ionic surfactants are described in WO 00/10519, especially page 45, line 11 to page 50, line 12.

Non-ionic surfactants contain as the hydrophilic group, for example, a polyol group, a polyalkylene glycol ether group or a combination of polyol and polyglycol ether groups.

Such compounds are, for example:

-   addition products of from 2 to 30 mol of ethylene oxide and/or from     0 to 5 mol of propylene oxide with linear fatty alcohols having from     8 to 22 carbon atoms, with fatty acids having from 12 to 22 carbon     atoms and with alkylphenols having from 8 to 15 carbon atoms in the     alkyl group, -   C₁₂–C₂₂ fatty acid mono- and di-esters of addition products of from     1 to 30 mol of ethylene oxide with glycerol, -   C₈–C₂₂alkyl-mono- and -oligo-glycosides and ethoxylated analogues     thereof, -   addition products of from 5 to 60 mol of ethylene oxide with castor     oil and hydrogenated castor oil, -   addition products of ethylene oxide with sorbitan fatty acid esters, -   addition products of ethylene oxide with fatty acid alkanolamides.

Examples of cationic surfactants that can be used in the colouring compositions for carrying out the method according to the invention are especially quaternary ammonium compounds. Preference is given to ammonium halides, such as alkyltrimethylammonium chlorides, dialkyldimethylammonium chlorides and trialkylmethylammonium chlorides, for example cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, distearyldimethy-lammonium chloride, lauryldimethylammonium chloride, lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride and tricetylmethylammonium chloride. Further cationic surfactants that can be used in accordance with the invention are quaternised protein hydrolysates.

-   Also suitable in accordance with the invention are cationic silicone     oils, such as, for example, the commercially available products     Q2-7224 (manufacturer: Dow Corning; a stabilised     trimethylsilylamodimethicone), Dow Coming 929 emulsion (comprising a     hydroxylamino-modified silicone, which is also referred to as     amodimethicone), SM-2059 (manufacturer: General Electric), SLM-55067     (manufacturer: Wacker) and also Abil®-Quat 3270 and 3272     (manufacturer: Th. Goldschmidt; diquaternary polydimethylsiloxanes,     quaternium-80), or silicones, as described in WO 00/12057,     especially page 45, line 9 to page 55, line 2.

Alkylamidoamines, especially fatty acid amidoamines, such as the stearylamidopropyl-dimethylamine obtainable under the name Tego Amide®18, are distinguished not only by a good conditioning action but also especially by their good biodegradability.

Quaternary ester compounds, so-called “esterquats”, such as the methyl hydroxyalkyl-dialkoyloxyalkylammonium methosulfates marketed under the trademark Stepantex®, are also very readily biodegradable.

An example of a quaternary sugar derivative that can be used as cationic surfactant is the commercial product Glucquat®100, according to CTFA nomenclature a “lauryl methyl gluceth-10 hydroxypropyl dimonium chloride”.

The alkyl-group-containing compounds used as surfactants may be single substances, but the use of natural raw materials of vegetable or animal origin is generally preferred in the preparation of such substances, with the result that the substance mixtures obtained have different alkyl chain lengths according to the particular starting material used.

The surfactants that are addition products of ethylene and/or propylene oxide with fatty alcohols or derivatives of such addition products may either be products having a “normal” homologue distribution or products having a restricted homologue distribution. “Normal” homologue distribution is to be understood as meaning mixtures of homologues obtained in the reaction of fatty alcohol and alkylene oxide using alkali metals, alkali metal hydroxides or alkali metal alcoholates as catalysts. Restricted homologue distributions, on the other hand, are obtained when, for example, hydrotalcites, alkali metal salts of ether carboxylic acids, alkali metal oxides, hydroxides or alcoholates are used as catalysts. The use of products having restricted homologue distribution may be preferred.

Examples of further active ingredients, adjuvants and additives are as follows:

-   non-ionic polymers, for example vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acrylate     copolymers, polyvinyl-pyrrolidone and vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate     copolymers and polysiloxanes, -   cationic polymers, such as quaternised cellulose ethers,     polysiloxanes having quaternary groups, dimethyldiallylammonium     chloride polymers, copolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride     and acrylic acid, as available commercially under the name Merquat®     280 and the use of which in hair colouring is described, for     example, in DE-A-4 421 031, especially page 2, lines 20 to 49, or     EP-A-953 334, especially page 27, line 17 to page 30, line 11,     acrylamide/dimethyldiallylammonium chloride copolymers,     diethyl-sulfate-quaternised dimethylaminoethyl     methacrylate/vinylpyrrolidone copolymers,     vinylpyrrolidone/imidazolinium methochloride copolymers, -   quaternised polyvinyl alcohol, -   zwitterionic and amphoteric polymers, such as, for example,     acrylamido-propyl-trimethylammonium chloride/acrylate copolymers and     octylacrylamide/methyl methacrylate/tert-butylaminoethyl     methacrylate/2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymers, -   anionic polymers, such as, for example, polyacrylic acids,     crosslinked polyacrylic acids, vinyl acetate/crotonic acid     copolymers, vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acrylate copolymers, vinyl     acetate/butyl maleate/isobornyl acrylate copolymers, methyl vinyl     ether/maleic anhydride copolymers and acrylic acid/ethyl     acrylate/N-tert-butyl acrylamide terpolymers, -   thickeners, such as agar, guar gum, alginates, xanthan gum, gum     arabic, karaya gum, locust bean flour, linseed gums, dextrans,     cellulose derivatives, e.g. methyl cellulose, hydroxyalkyl cellulose     and carboxymethyl cellulose, starch fractions and derivatives, such     amylose, amylopectin and dextrins, clays, e.g. bentonite or fully     synthetic hydrocolloids such as, for example, polyvinyl alcohol, -   structuring agents, such as glucose and maleic acid, -   hair-conditioning compounds, such as phospholipids, for example soya     lecithin, egg lecithin, and cephalins, silicone oils, and also     conditioning compounds, for example such as those described in     DE-A-19 729 080, especially page 2, lines 20 to 49, EP-A-834 303,     especially page 2, line 18 to page 3, line 2, or EP-A-312 343,     especially page 2, line 59 to page 3, line 11, -   protein hydrolysates, especially elastin, collagen, keratin, milk     protein, soya protein and wheat protein hydrolysates, condensation     products thereof with fatty acids and also quaternised protein     hydrolysates, -   perfume oils, dimethyl isosorbitol and cyclodextrins, -   solubilisers, such as ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol,     propylene glycol, glycerol and diethylene glycol, -   anti-dandruff active ingredients, such as piroctones, olamines and     zinc Omadine, -   further substances for adjusting the pH value, -   active ingredients such as panthenol, pantothenic acid, allantoin,     pyrrolidonecarboxylic acids and salts thereof, plant extracts and     vitamins, -   cholesterol, -   light stabilisers and UV absorbers, as described, for example, in     EP-A-819 422, especially page 4, lines 34 to 37, -   consistency regulators, such as sugar esters, polyol esters or     polyol alkyl ethers, -   fats and waxes, such as spermaceti, beeswax, montan wax, paraffins,     fatty alcohols and fatty acid esters, -   fatty alkanolamides, -   polyethylene glycols and polypropylene glycols having a molecular     weight of from 150 to 50 000, for example such as those described in     EP-A-801 942, especially page 3, lines 44 to 55, -   complexing agents, such as EDTA, NTA and phosphonic acids, -   swelling and penetration substances, such as polyols and polyol     ethers, as listed extensively, for example, in EP-A-962 219,     especially page 27, lines 18 to 38, for example glycerol, propylene     glycol, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, butyl glycol, benzyl     alcohol, carbonates, hydrogen carbonates, guanidines, ureas and also     primary, secondary and tertiary phosphates, imidazoles, tannins,     pyrrole, -   opacifiers, such as latex, -   pearlising agents, such as ethylene glycol mono- and di-stearate, -   propellants, such as propane-butane mixtures, N₂O, dimethyl ether,     CO₂ and air, and also -   antioxidants, -   polyols or polyethers, as described in EP-A-962 219, especially page     27, lines 14 to 38, -   thickening polymers, as described in EP-A-970 684, especially page     48, line 16 to page 51, line 4, -   sugar-containing polymers, as described in EP-A-970 687, especially     page 28, line 17 to page 29, line 23, -   quaternary ammonium salts, as described in WO 00/10517, especially     page 44, line 16 to page 46, line 23.

In the context of the present invention, oxidizing agents are understood to be any oxidizing agent customarily used for oxidative hair colouring, for example dilute hydrogen peroxide solutions, hydrogen peroxide emulsions or hydrogen peroxide gels, alkaline earth metal peroxides, organic peroxides, such as urea peroxides, melamine peroxides, or alkalimetalbromat fixations are also applicable if a shading powder on the basis of semi-permanent, direct hair dyes is used.

Preferred oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide, preferred in about 2 to 30% by weight, more preferred in 3 to 20% by weight, and most preferred in 6 to 12% by weight of the total weight of a watery composition such as a solution, dispersion, a gel or emulsion.

The watery composition can comprise all customary components, which are used for the different applications of oxidizing agent compositions as described in K. Schrader, “Grundiagen und Rezepturen der Kosmetika”, 2. Aufl. (1989), page 832–840.

Further preferred oxidizing agents are

-   oxidizing agents to achieve lightened colouration, as described in     WO 97/20545, especially page 9, lines 5 to 9, -   oxidizing agents in the form of permanent-wave fixing solution, as     described in DE-A-19 713 698, especially page 4, lines 52 to 55, and     lines 60 and 61 or EP-A-1 062 940, especially page 6, lines 41 to     47, (and in the equivalent WO 99/40895).

An oxidizing agents may be present in the colouring compositions for carrying out the method according to the invention preferably in an amount of from 0.01% to 6%, especially from 0.01% to 1%, based on the total dyeing composition.

Preferred catalysts are metal lons, such as for example Zn²⁺, Cu²⁺, Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺, Mn²⁺, Mn⁴⁺, Li⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺ and Al³⁺, preferably Zn²⁺, Cu²⁺ and Mn²⁺.

The metal ions are applicable in any physiological suitable salts form. Preferred salts are acetate, sulfate, halogenide, lactate and tartrate.

Alkalimetalsulfits, such as sodium-, potassium-, lithium-sulfite, Alkalimetaldisulfits, such as sodium-, potassium-, lithium-disulfite, ascorbic acid, tert.-Butylhydrochinon and Ammoniumthiolactat.

In general, the coloration with an oxidative agent is conducted in the presence of a base.

Bases are for example ammonia, alkali metal carbonates, earth metal carbonates, alkanol amines, such as for example mono-, di- or triethanolamine, alkali metal hydroxides, earth metal hydroxides, compounds of the formula

wherein,

-   R is a propyl residue, which substituted with OH or C₁–C₄-alkyl, -   R₃, R₄, R₅ and R₆ are independently or dependently from each other     hydrogen, C₁–C₄-alkyl or hydroxy-(C₁–C₄)-alkyl.

Alkali metal is for example sodium, potassium or lithium.

Earth metal is for example magnesium or calcium.

Acids are inorganic or organic acids, such as hydrochloride, tartrat acid, citric acid, ascorbine acid and phosphor acid.

The use of UV absorbers can effectively protect natural and dyed hair from the damaging rays of the sun and increase the wash fastness of dyed hair.

Suitable UV absorbers the colouring compositions for carrying out the method according to the invention are:

-   cationic benzotriazole UV absorbers as for example described in WO     01/36396 especially on page 1, line 20 to page 2, line 24, and     preferred on page 3 to 5, and on pages 26 to 37, or -   cationic benzotriazole UV in combination with antioxidants as     described in WO 01/36396, especially on page 11, line 14 to page 18,     or -   UV absorbers in combination with antioxidants as described in U.S.     Pat. No. 5,922,310, especially in column 2, lines 1 to 3, -   UV absorbers in combination with antioxidants as described in U.S.     Pat. No. 4,786,493, especially in column 1, 42 to column 2, line 7,     and preferred in column 3, 43 to column 5, line 20, or -   combination of UV absorbers as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,830,441,     especially in column 4, lines 53 to 56, or -   combination of UV absorbers as described in WO 01/36396, especially     on page 11, lines 9 to 13, or -   triazine derivatives provide effective UV protection as described in     WO 98/22447, especially on page 1, line 23 to page 2, line 4, and     preferred on page 2, line 11 to page 3, line 15 and most preferred     on pages 6 to 7, and 12 to 16, or -   combination of the cosmetic formulations as described in WO 98/22447     with one or more than one further UV filter as described in the     following patents:     (Abbreviations T: table, R: row, Comp: compound, Ex: compound(s) of     patent example, p: page) -   EP 895776 Comp. in Rows 48–58, p 3; R 25+33, p 5 -   WO 9220690 Polymeric comp in Examples 3–6 -   EP 1000950 Comp. in Table 1, pp 18–21 -   EP 1060734 T 1–3, pp 11–14 -   EP 1059082 Ex 1; T 1, pp 9–11 -   EP 1008586 Ex 1–3, pp 13–15 -   EP 1005855 T 3, p 13 -   EP 1129695 Ex 1–7, pp 13–14 -   EP 967200 Ex 2; T 3–5, pp 17–20 -   EP 945125 T 3 a+b, pp 14–15 -   EP 924246 T 2, p 9 -   EP 911020 T 2, p 11–12 -   EP 916335 T 2–4, pp 19–41 -   EP 852137 T 2, pp 41–46 -   EP 858318 T 1, p 6 -   EP 826361 T 1, pp 5–6 -   EP 503338 T 1, pp 9–10 -   WO 9301164 T 1+2, pp 13–22 -   EP 823418 Ex 1–4, pp 7–8 -   WO 9714680 Ex 1–3, p 10 -   EP 1027883 Compound VII, p 3 -   EP 832641 Ex 5+6 p 7; t 2, p 8 -   U.S. Pat. No. 5,338,539 Ex 1–9, pp 3+4 -   EP 517103 Ex 3,4,9,10 pp 6–7 -   EP 1123934 T 3, p 10 -   EP 1027883 Comp I–VI, p 3 -   EP 969004 Ex 5, T 1, pp 6–8 -   U.S. Pat. No. 5,801,244 Ex 1–5, pp 6–7 -   EP 832642 Ex 22, T 3 pp, 10–15; T 4, p 16 -   U.S. Pat. No. 5,346,691 (EP 570838) Ex 40, p 7; T 5, p 8 -   EP 517104 Ex 1, T 1, pp 4–5; Ex 8, T 2, pp 6–8 -   WO 200149686 Ex 1–5, pp 16–21 -   EP 944624 Ex 1+2, pp 13–15 -   EP 933376 Ex 1–15, pp 10–21 -   EP 863145 Ex 1–11, pp 12–18 -   EP 780382 Ex 1–11, pp 5–7 -   EP 626950 -   EP 1081140 Ex 1–9, pp 11–16 -   WO 9217461 Ex 1–22, pp 10–20 -   WO 0168047 Tables on pp 85–96 -   EP 613893 Ex 1–5+15, T 1, pp 6–8 -   EP 1064922 Compounds 1–34, pp 6–14 -   EP 1028120 Ex 1–5, pp 5–13 -   EP 1008593 Ex 1–8, pp 4–5 -   EP 669323 Ex 1–3, p 5 -   EP 1108712 4,5-Dimorpholino-3-hydroxypyridazine -   JP 2000319629 CAS Regno. 80142-49-0, 137215-83-9, 307947-82-6 -   EP 420707 B1 Ex 3, p 13 (80142-49-0) -   U.S. Pat. No. 5,635,343 -   EP 1167358

In addition to the triazine UV absorbers described in WO 98/22447, the cosmetic formulations can also contain one or more than one further UV protective of the following substance classes:

-   p-aminobenzoic acid derivatives, for example 4-dimethylaminobenzoic     acid 2-ethylhexyl ester; -   salicylic acid derivatives, for example salicylic acid 2-ethylhexyl     ester; -   benzophenone derivatives, for example     2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone and its 5-sulfonic acid derivative; -   dibenzoylmethane derivatives, for example     1-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propane-1,3-dione; -   diphenylacrylates, for example 2-ethylhexyl     2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate, and 3-(benzofuranyl) 2-cyanoacrylate; -   3-imidazol-4-ylacrylic acid and esters; -   benzofuran derivatives, especially 2-(p-aminophenyl)benzofuran     derivatives, described in EP-A-582 189, U.S. Pat. No. 5,338,539,     U.S. Pat. No. 5,518,713 and EP-A-613 893; -   polymeric UV absorbers, for example the benzylidene malonate     derivatives described in EP-A-709 080; -   cinnamic acid derivatives, for example the 4-methoxycinnamic acid     2-ethylhexyl ester and isoamyl ester or cinnamic acid derivatives     described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,601,811 and WO 97/00851; -   camphor derivatives, for example     3-(4′-methyl)benzylidene-bornan-2-one, 3-benzyl-idenebornan-2-one,     N-[2(and 4)-2-oxyborn-3-ylidene-methyl)-benzyl]acrylamide polymer,     3-(4′-trimethylammonium)-benzylidene-bornan-2-one methyl sulfate,     3,3′-(1,4-phenylenedimethine)-bis(7,7-dimethyl-2-oxo-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-1-methanesulfonic     acid) and salts, 3-(4′-sulfo)benzylidene-bornan-2-one and salts;     camphorbenzalkonium methosulfate; -   hydroxyphenyltriazine compounds, for example     2-(4′-methoxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(2′-hydroxy-4′-n-octyloxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine;     2,4-bis{[4-(3-(2-propyloxy)-2-hydroxy-propyloxy)-2-hydroxy]-phenyl}-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine;     2,4-bis{[4-(2-ethyl-hexyloxy)-2-hydroxy]-phenyl}-6-[4-(2-methoxyethyl-carboxyl)-phenylamino]-1,3,5-triazine;     2,4-bis{[4-(tris(trimethylsilyloxy-silylpropyloxy)-2-hydroxy]-phenyl}-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine;     2,4-bis{[4-(2″-methylpropenyloxy)-2-hydroxy]-phenyl}-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine;     2,4-bis{[4-(1′,1′,1′,3′,5′,5′,5′-heptamethyltrisilyl-2″-methyl-propyloxy)-2-hydroxy]-phenyl}-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine;     2,4-bis{[4-(3-(2-propyloxy)-2-hydroxy-propyloxy)-2-hydroxy]-phenyl}-6-[4-ethylcarboxy)-phenylamino]-1,3,5-triazine; -   benzotriazole compounds, for example     2,2′-methylene-bis(6-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-phenol; -   trianilino-s-triazine derivatives, for example     2,4,6-trianiline-(p-carbo-2′-ethyl-1′-oxy)-1,3,5-triazine and the UV     absorbers disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,332,568, EP-A-517 104,     EP-A-507 691, WO 93/17002 and EP-A-570 838; -   2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid and salts thereof; -   methyl o-aminobenzoates; -   physical sunscreens coated or not as titanium dioxide, zinc oxide,     iron oxides, mica, MnO, Fe₂O₃, Ce₂O₃, Al₂O₃, ZrO₂. (surface     coatings: polymethylmethacrylate, methicone     (methylhydrogenpolysiloxane CAS 9004-73-3), dimethicone, isopropyl     titanium triisostearate (CAS 61417-49-0), metal soaps as magnesium     stearate (CAS 4086-70-8), perfluoroalcohol phosphate as C9–15     fluoroalcohol phosphate (CAS 74499-44-8; JP 5-86984 , JP 4-330007)).     The primary particle size is an average of 15 nm–35 nm and the     particle size in dispersion is in the range of 100 nm–300 nm. -   aminohydroxy-benzophenone derivatives disclosed in DE 10011317, EP     1133980 and EP 1046391 -   phenyl-benzimidazole derivatives as disclosed in EP 1167358 -   The UV absorbers described in “Sunscreens”, Eds. N. J. Lowe, N. A.     Shaath, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York and Basle or in Cosmetics &     Toiletries (107), 50ff (1992) also can be used as additional UV     protective substances.

Examples of (synergistic) combinations of UV absorbers in cosmetic or pharmaceutical preparations are also described in the following table. The combinations of UV filters are useful to protect skin, hair and/or natural or artificial hair color (ratio of UV absorbers in columns C1–C12).

No Chemical Name CAS No. C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 UV 1 (+/−)-1,7,7-trimethyl-3-[(4- 36861-47-9 15 methylphenyl)- methylene]bicyclo [2.2.1]heptan-2-one UV 2 1,7,7-trimethyl-3- 15087-24-8 (phenylmethylene)- bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one UV 3 (2-Hydroxy-4- 1641-17-4 10 methoxyphenyl)(4-methylphenyl) methanone UV 4 2,4-dihydroxy- 131-56-6 10 benzophenone UV 5 2,2′,4,4′-tetrahydroxybenzophenone 131-55-5 10 UV 6 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone; 131-57-7 UV 7 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone- 4065-45-6 5-sulfonic acid UV 8 2,2′-dihydroxy-4,4′- 131-54-4 10 10 dimethoxybenzo-phenone UV 9 2,2′-Dihydroxy-4- 131-53-3 10 methoxybenzophenone UV 10 Alpha-(2-oxoborn-3- 56039-58-8 15 10 10 ylidene)toluene-4- sulphonic acid and its salts UV 11 1-[4-(1,1- 70356-09-1 15 10 dimethylethyl)phenyl]-3- (4-methoxyphenyl)- propane-1,3-dione UV 12 Methyl N,N,N-trimethyl-4- 52793-97-2 [(4,7,7-trimethyl-3- oxobicyclo[2,2,1]hept-2- ylidene)methyl]-anilinium sulphate; UV 22 3,3,5-Trimethyl 118-56-9 cyclohexyl-2-hydroxy benzoate UV 23 Isopentyl p-methoxy-cinnamate 71617-10-2 10 UV 27 Menthyl-o-aminobenzoate 134-09-8 UV 28 Methyl salicylate 89-46-3 15 UV 29 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano,3,3- 6197-30-4 15 10 diphenylacrylate UV 30 2-ethylhexyl 4-(dimethylamino) 21245-02-3 benzoate UV 31 2-ethylhexyl 4- 5466-77-3 20 25 50 methoxycinnamate UV 32 2-ethylhexyl salicylate 118-60-5 UV 33 Benzoic acid, 4,4′,4″-(1,3,5- 88122-99-0 20 10 triazine-2,4,6-triyltriimino) tris-, tris(2-ethylhexyl) ester; 2,4,6-Trianilino-(p-carbo- 2′-ethylhexyl-1′-oxi)-1,3,5- triazine UV 34 4-aminobenzoic acid 150-13-0 UV 35 Benzoic acid, 4-amino-, ethyl 113010-52-9 ester, polymer with oxirane UV 38 2-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole- 27503-81-7 15 10 10 5-sulphonic acid 5-sulphonic acid UV 39 2-Propenamide, N-[[4-[(4,7,7- 147897-12-9 trimethyl-3-oxobicyclo- [2.2.1]hept-2-ylidene)methyl]- phenyl]methyl]-, homopolymer UV 40 Triethanolamine 2174-16-5 salicylate UV 41 3,3′-(1,4-phenylene- 90457-82-2 dimethylene)bis[7,7- dimethyl-2-oxo- bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane- 1-methanesulfonic acid] UV 42 Titanium dioxide 13463-67-7 5 7.5 25 10 10 UV 44 Zinc oxide 1314-13-2 15 10 10 UV 45 2,2′-Methylene-bis-[6- 103597-45-1 15 20 20 10 10 (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)- 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethyl- butyl)-phenol] UV 46 2,4-bis{[4-(2-ethylhexyloxy)- 187393-00-6 10 15 15 15 10 2-hydroxy]- phenyl}-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)- (1,3,5)-triazine UV 47 1H-Benzimidazole-4,6- 180898-37-7 15 10 disulfonic acid, 2,2′- (1,4-phenylene)bis-, disodium salt UV 48 Benzoic acid, 4,4′-[[6- 154702-15-5 20 15 10 10 [[4-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl) amino]carbonyl]- phenyl]amino]1,3,5- triazine-2,4- diyl]diimino]bis-, bis(2- ethylhexyl)ester UV 49 Phenol, 2-(2H-benzotriazol- 155633-54-8 15 15 10 10 2-yl)-4-methyl- 6-[2-methyl-3-[1,3,3,3- tetramethyl-1- [(trimethylsilyl)oxy]- disiloxanyl]propyl]- UV 50 alpha-(trimethylsilyl)- 207574-74-1 15 15 10 omega-(trimethyl- silyloxy)poly[oxy(dimethyl) silylene]-co- [oxy(methyl)(2-{p-[2,2- bis(ethoxycarbonyl) vinyl]phenoxy}- 1- methyleneethyl)silylene]- co-[oxy(methyl)(2- {p-[2,2- bis(ethoxycarbonyl)vinyl] phenoxy}prop-1- enyl)silylene] UV 51 Benzenesulfonic acid, 92484-48-5 10 3-(2H-benzotriazol-2- yl)-4-hydroxy-5-(1- methy-lpropyl)-, monosodium salt UV 52 Benzoic acid, 2-[4- 302776-68-7 40 25 15 15 30 10 10 25 10 (diethylamino)-2- hydroxybenzoyl]-, hexyl ester UV 53 1-Dodecanaminium, N- 156679-41-3 [3-[[4- (dimethylamino)benzoyl] amino]propyl]-N,N- dimethyl-, salt with 4- methylbenzenesulfonic acid (1:1) UV 54 1-Propanaminium, 177190-98-6 N,N,N-trimethyl-3-[(1- oxo-3-phenyl-2- propenyl)amino]-, chloride UV 55 1H-Benzimidazole-4,6- 170864-82-1 15 10 10 10 disulfonic acid, 2,2′- (1,4-phenylene)bis- UV 56 1,3,5-Triazine, 2,4,6- 7753-12-0 10 7.5 15 10 5 50 25 25 25 10 10 10 tris(4-methoxyphenyl)- UV 57 1,3,5-Triazine, 2,4,6- 208114-14-1 15 10 10 tris[4-[(2- ethylhexyl)oxy]phenyl]- UV 58 1-Propanaminium, 3- 340964-15-0 [[3-[3-(2H- benzotriazol-2-yl)-5- (1,1-dimethylethyl)-4- hydroxyphenyl]-1- oxopropyl]amino]- N,N-diethyl-N-methyl-, methyl sulfate (salt) UV 59 2-Propenoic acid, 3- 104-98-3 (1H-imidazol-4-yl)- UV 60 Benzoic acid, 2- 94134-93-7 hydroxy-, [4-(1- methylethyl)phenyl]methyl ester UV 61 1,2,3-Propanetriol, 1- 136-44-7 (4-aminobenzoate) UV 62 Benzeneacetic acid, 4732-70-1 3,4-dimethoxy-a-oxo- UV 63 2-Propenoic acid, 2- 5232-99-5 cyano-3,3-diphenyl-, ethyl ester

The following examples C1–C12 illustrate combinations of UV absorbers and antioxidants in cosmetic preparations which are useful to protect hair and natural or artificial hair color (% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition).

Compound (CAS No.) C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10

2 3 4 1 2 3 1 2 2.5 1 BENZENESULFONIC ACID, 3- 1 1 (2H-BENZOTRIAZOL-2-YL)-4- HYDROXY-5-(1-METHY- LPROPYL)-, MONOSODIUM SALT (92484-48-5) PROPYL GALLATE (121-79-9) 1 0.5 1 1 N-[3-(3,5-DI-TERT-BUTYL-4- 2 1 1 2 HYDROXYPHENYL)PROPIONYL] SULFANILC ACID (OR SALTS E.G. WITH SODIUM) BENZYLIDENE MALONATE 2 0.2 POLYSILOXANE (207574-74-1) DROMETRIZOLE TRISILOXANE 1 0.5 (155633-54-8) DIETHYLHEXYL BUTAMIDO 0.2 TRIAZONE (154702-15-5) PHENOL, 2,2′-[6-(4- 0.2 METHOXYPHENYL)-1,3,5- TRIAZINE-2,4-DIYL]BIS[5-[(2- ETHYLHEXYL)OXY]- (187393-00-6) 1H-BENZIMIDAZOLE-4,6- 1 DISULFONIC ACID, 2,2′-(1,4- PHENYLENE)BIS-, DISODIUM SALT (180898-37-7) BIS-BENZOTRIAZOLYL 0.5 TETRAMETHYLBUTYL-PHENOL (103597-45-1) TEREPHTHALYLIDENE 0.5 DICAMPHOR SULFONIC ACID (90457-82-2) POLYACRYLAMIDOMETHYL 1 BENZYLIDENE CAMPHOR (113783-61-2) PHENYLBENZIMIDAZOLE 1 SULFONIC ACID (27503-81-7) ETHYLHEXYL METHOXY- 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.5 CINNAMATE (5466-77-3) OCTOCRYLENE (6197-30-4) 0.5 0.5 CAMPHOR BENZALKONIUM 0.5 0.1 METHOSULFATE (52793-97-2) BUTYL METHOXYDIBENZOYL- 1 METHANE (70356-09-1) BENZOPHENONE-3 (131-57-7) 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.2 BENZOPHENONE-4 (4065-45-6) 0.1 0.1 0.5 1-DODECANAMINIUM, N-[3-[[4- 1 (DIMETHYLAMINO)-BENZOYL] AMINO]PROPYL]-N,N-DIMETHYL-, SALT WITH 4- METHYLBENZENESULFONIC ACID (156679-41-3) 1-PROPANAMINIUM, N,N,N- 1 1 TRIMETHYL-3-[(1-OXO-3- PHENYL-2-PROPENYL)AMINO]-, CHLORIDE (177190-98-6) 3-BENZYLIDENE CAMPHOR 0.5 (15087-24-8) 4-METHYLBENZYLIDENE 0.2 CAMPHOR (36861-47-9) BENZYLIDENE CAMPHOR 1 SULFONIC ACID (56039-58-8)

Preference is given to the use of mixing ratios of triazine derivatives of formula 1–8/further light-protective agents from 1:99 to 99:1, especially from 1:95 to 95:1 and preferably from 10:90 to 90:10, based on weight. Of special interest are mixing ratios of from 20:80 to 80:20, especially from 40:60 to 60:40 and preferably approximately 50:50. Such mixtures can be used, inter alia, to improve solubility or increase UV absorption.

Synergistic effects are observed when UV absorbers are used in combination with antioxidants. Examples of antioxidants that can be used are listened in WO 01/36396 (pages 11–18), U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,922,310 and 4,786,493.

Examples of UV absorbers used in addition to the uncharged and cationic benzotriazole UV absorbers in the formulations without limitation to those listed in the following might be benzophenone-type substances such as benzophenone-1, benzophenone-2, benzophenone-3, benzophenone-4, benzophenone-5 (sodium salt) or benzotriazol-type substances such as benzenesulfonic acid, 3-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxy-5-(1-methylpropyl)-, monosodium salt; 2-(5-chloro-2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methyl-phenol; 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-6-dodecyl-4-methyl-phenol, branched and linear. Typical ingredients in the oil phase of emulsions (water in oil, oil in water or triple emulsion) or used in hair oils can be chosen from the following substance groups without limiting the kind of lipophilic ingredients to those substances:

Suitable cosmetic preparations may contain usually from 0.05 to 40% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of one or more UV absorbers.

Preferred are the cosmetic preparations contain at least one triazine derivative UV absorber, for example, from 0.1 to 40% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 20% by weight and especially from 0.5 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, and the cosmetic preparations contain at least one cationic benzotriazole from 0.05–20% by weight, preferred from 0.1–20% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

Typical cosmetic formulations containing uncharged and/or cationic benzotriazoles and/or antioxidants alone or in combinations are rinse-off products (e.g. shampoos, hair rinses, conditioners etc.),

Suitable cosmetic formulations are:

-   cosmetic hair-treatment preparations, e.g. hair-washing preparations     in the form of shampoos and conditioners, hair-care preparations,     e.g. pre-treatment preparations or leave-on products such as sprays,     creams, gels, lotions, mousses and oils, or hair tonics, styling     creams, styling gels, pomades, hair rinses, treatment packs,     intensive hair treatments, hair-structuring preparations, e.g.     hair-waving preparations for permanent waves (hot wave, mild wave,     cold wave), hair-straightening preparations, liquid hair-setting     preparations, hair foams, hairsprays, bleaching preparations, e.g.     hydrogen peroxide solutions, lightening shampoos, bleaching creams,     bleaching powders, bleaching pastes or oils, temporary,     semi-permanent or permanent hair colourants, preparations containing     self-oxidising dyes, or natural hair colourants, such as henna or     camomile.

The final formulations listed may exist in a wide variety of presentation forms, for example:

-   in the form of liquid preparations as a W/O, O/W, O/W/O, W/O/W or     PIT emulsion and all kinds of microemulsions, -   in the form of a gel, -   in the form of an oil, a cream, milk or lotion, -   in the form of a powder, a lacquer, a tablet or make-up, -   in the form of a stick, -   in the form of a spray (spray with propellant gas or pump-action     spray) or an aerosol, -   in the form of a foam, or -   in the form of a paste.

Of special importance as cosmetic preparations for the hair are the above-mentioned preparations for hair treatment, especially hair-washing preparations in the form of shampoos, hair conditioners, hair-care preparations, e.g. pre-treatment preparations, hair tonics, styling creams, styling gels, pomades, hair rinses, treatment packs, intensive hair treatments, hair-straightening preparations, liquid hair-setting preparations, hair foams and hairsprays. Of special interest are hair-washing preparations in the form of shampoos.

A shampoo has, for example, the following composition: from 0.01 to 5% by weight of a UV absorber according to the invention, 12.0% by weight of sodium laureth-2-sulfate, 4.0% by weight of cocoamidopropyl betaine, 3.0% by weight of sodium chloride, and water ad 100%.

Any known process suitable for the preparation of microparticles can be used for the preparation of the micronised UV absorbers, for example:

-   wet-grinding with a hard grinding medium, for example zirconium     silicate and a protective surfactant or a protective polymer in     water or in a suitable organic solvent; -   spray-drying from a suitable solvent, for example aqueous     suspensions or suspensions containing organic solvents, or true     solutions in water, ethanol, dichloroethane, toluene or     N-methylpyrrolidone etc.; -   by the expansion according to the RESS process (Rapid Expansion of     Supercritical Solutions) of supercritical fluids (e.g. CO₂) in which     the UV filter or filters is/are dissolved, or the expansion of fluid     carbon dioxide together with a solution of one or more UV filters in     a suitable organic solvent; -   by reprecipitation from suitable solvents, including supercritical     fluids (GASR process=Gas Anti-Solvent Recrystallisation/PCA     process=Precipitation with Compressed Anti-solvents).

As grinding apparatus for the preparation of the micronised organic UV absorbers there may be used, for example, a jet mill, ball mill, vibratory mill or hammer mill, preferably a high-speed mixing mill. The grinding is preferably carried out with a grinding aid, for example an alkylated vinylpyrrolidone polymer, a vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer, an acyl glutamate, an alkyl polyglucoside, ceteareth-25 or a phospholipid.

The micronised UV absorbers so obtained usually have an average particle size that is from 0.02 to 2 μm, preferably from 0.05 to 1.5 μm, and more especially from 0.1 to 1.0 μm.

The UV absorbers can also be used dry in powder form. For that purpose the UV absorbers are subjected to known grinding methods, such as vacuum atomization, countercurrent spray-drying etc. Such powders have a particle size of from 0.1 μm to 2 μm. To avoid the occurrence of agglomeration, the UV absorbers can be coated with a surface-active compound prior to the pulverisation process, for example with an anionic, non-ionic or amphoteric surfactant, e.g. a phospholipid or a known polymer, such as PVP, or an acrylate. The colouring compositions for carrying out the method according to the invention may further comprise antimicrobial agents.

Typical antimicrobial preservatives and antimicrobial actives used in formulations (in most cases the INCI name of the antimicrobial substances is mentioned):

-   formaldehyde and paraformaldehyde, hydroxy biphenyls and its salts     such as ortho-phenylphenol, zinc pyrithion, chlorobutanol, hydroxy     benzoic acids and their salts and esters such as methyl paraben,     ethyl paraben, propyl paraben, butyl paraben, dibromo hexamidine and     its salts including isothionate     (4,4′-hexamethylenedioxy-bis(3-bromo-benzamidine) and     4,4′-hexamethylenedioxy-bis(3-bromo-benzamidinium     2-hydroxyethanesulfonate), mercury, (aceto-O)phenyl (especially     phenyl mercuric acetate) and     Mercurate(2-),(orthoborate(3-)-O)phenyl, dihydrogene (especially     phenyl mercuric borate),     1,3-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-hexahydro-5-methyl-5-pyrimidine (Hexetidin),     5-bromo-5-nitro-1,3-dioxan, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propandiol,     2,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol, 3,4,4′trichlorocarbanilide     (Trichlorcarban), p-chloro-m-cresol, 2,4,4′-trichloro 2-hydroxy     diphenylether (triclosan), 4,4′-dichloro 2-hydroxy diphenylether,     4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol (Chloroxylenol), imidazolidinyl urea,     poly-(hexamethylene biguanide)hydrochloride, 2-phenoxy ethanol     (phenoxyethanol), hexamethylene tetramine (Methenamine),     1-(3-chloroallyl)-3,5,7-triaza-1-azonia-adamantanchloride     (Quaternium 15),     1-(4-chlorophenyoxy)-1-(1-imidazolyl)3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone     (Climbazole),     1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione (DMDM     hydantoin), benzyl alcohol, 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyano butane,     2,2′methylene-bis(6-bromo-4-chloro phenol) (bromochlorophene),     methylchloroisothiazolone, methylisothiazolone, octylisothiazolone,     benzylisothiazolone, 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol (Chlorophenone),     chloracetamide, chlorhexidine, chlorhexidine acetate, chlorhexidine     gluconate, chlorhexidine hydrochloride, 1-phenoxy-propane-2-ol     (phenoxyisopropanol), 4,4-dimethyl-1,3-oxazolidine (dimethyl     oxazolidine), diazolidinyl urea,     4,4′-hexamethylenedioxybisbenzamidine and     4,4′-hexamethylenedioxybis(benzamidinium-2-hydroxyethanesulfonate),     glutaraldehyde (1,5-pentanedial), 7-ethylbicyclooxazolidine,     3-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1,2-propandiol (chlorophenesin),     phenylmethoxymethanol and ((phenylmethoxy)methoxy)-methanol     (benzylhemiformal), N-alkyl(C12–C22)trimethyl ammoniumbromide and     -chloride (cetrimonium bromide, cetrimonium chloride),     benzyl-dimethyl-(4-(2-(4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-phenoxy)-ethoxy)-ethyl)-ammoniumchloride     (benzethonium chloride), Alkyl-(C8–C18)-dimethyl-benzylammonium     chloride,—bromide and saccharinate (benzalkonium chloride,     benzalkonium bromide, benzalkonium saccharinate), benzoic acid and     its salts and esters, propionic acid and its salts, salicylic acid     and its salt, sorbic acid and its salts, sodium iodiate, inorganic     sulfites and bisulfites such as sodium sulfite, dehydroacetic acid,     formic acid, mercurate(1-ethyl)2-mercaptobenzoate(2-)-O,S—,hydrogene     (Thiomersal or Thiomerosal), 10-undecylenic acid and its salts,     octopirox (piroctone olamine), sodium hydroxy methyl-aminoacetate     (sodium hydroxymethylglycinate), 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate,     10-undecylenic acid, sulfur.

Combinations with natural antimicrobials or chemically modified natural substances with antimicrobial activities such as chitosans and chitosan derivatives, farnesol, plant extracts such as clove oil, blue cypres oil etc. can be also used.

For use on human hair, the dyeing compositions can usually be incorporated into an aqueous cosmetic carrier. Suitable aqueous cosmetic carriers include, for example, creams, sprays, emulsions, gels, powders and also surfactant-containing foaming solutions, e.g. shampoos or other preparations, that are suitable for use on keratin-containing fibers. Such forms of use are described in detail in Research Disclosure 42448 (August 1999). If necessary, it is also possible to incorporate the dyeing compositions into anhydrous carriers, as described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,369,970, especially column 1, line 70 to column 3, line 55. The dyeing compositions according to the invention are also excellently suitable for the colouring method described in DE-A-3 829 870 using a colouring comb or a colouring brush.

Further carriers for dying compositions are for example described in “Dermatology”, edited by Ch. Culnan, H. Maibach, Verlag Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, Basle, 1986, Vol. 7, Ch. Zviak, The Science of Hair Care, chapter 7, pages 248–250, especially on page 243, line 1 to page 244, line 12.

Suitable formulations of cationic dyes, which can be used in the colouring compositions for carrying out the method according to the invention are described for example in

-   -   in WO 95/01772, especially on page 11, line 29 to page 12, line         7, or     -   in WO 01/66646, especially on page 7, line 1 to page 22, and         preferred from page 16, line 20 to page 22, or     -   direct dyes as described in DE-A-19 713 698, especially page 3,         line 51 to page 4, line 29 and page 4, line 65 to page 5, line         60, or     -   direct dyes and oxidizing agent as described in WO 97/20545,         especially on page 9, line 1 to page 11, line 4, in particular         on page 11, line 6 to page 13, line 19.

Preferred formulations of cationic dyes with other dyes, which can be used in the colouring compositions for carrying out the method according to the invention, are:

-   -   combinations of Pyrazolo-[1,5-a]-pyrimidines with at least one         cationic dye as described in EP 998,908, especially on page 47,         line 3 to page 49, line 26, and preferred on page 51, line 4 to         page 52, line 5, or     -   combinations of cationic dyes as described in FR-2788432,         especially on page 53, line 1 to page 63, line 23, especially a         combination of cationic dyes with Arianors in FR-2788432,         especially on pages 51 to 52, or especially a combination with         at least one Basic Brown 17, Basic brown 16, Basic Red 76 and         Basic Red 118, and/or at least one Basic Yellow 57, and/or at         least one Basic Blue 99, or     -   combinations of direct dyes and/or an oxidation dye and         oxidizing agents in the form of permanent-wave fixing solution,         especially with direct dyes as described in DE-A-19 713 698,         especially page 4, line 65 to page 35, line 59, or     -   combinations of cationic dyes and an oxidation dye of the         developer compound type and oxidizing agents as described in EP         850 638, especially on page 2, lines 3 to 12 and line 30 to page         14, and page 28, line 35 to page 30, line 20, preferred on page         30, line 25 to page 32, line 30, or     -   ready-to-use dyeing compositions and multicompartment device for         dyeing keratin fibers comprising combinations of an         extemporaneous mixture of a composition (A) containing one or         more oxidation dye precursors and optionally one or more         couplers, and of a composition (B), in powder form, containing         one or more direct dye, preferably cationic, optionally         dispersed in an organic pulverulent excipient and/or a mineral         pulverulent excipient, and a composition (C) containing one or         more oxidizing agent as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,190,421,         especially in column 2, line 20 to line 31 in column 7, line 15         to column 8, line 43, and preferably in column 8, line 55 to         column 9, line 56, and preferably with direct dyes as described         in column 5, line 30 to column 7, line 14, or     -   a ready-to-use composition comprising, at least one oxidation         base, at least one cationic direct dye and at least one enzyme         of 2-electron oxidoreductase type in the presence of at least         one donor for the said enzyme as described in U.S. Pat. No.         6,228,129, especially in column 2, line 16 to column 25, line         55, and a multi-compartment dyeing device as described in column         26, lines 13 to 24, especially in column 26, line 26 to column         27, line 9, or     -   a ready-to-use composition comprising compositions of at least         one direct cationic dye and at least one nitrated benzene dye as         described in WO 99/20235 especially on page 1, line 25 to page         8, line 5, and on page 30, line 17 to page 34 line 25, with         cationic direct dyes as described on page 8, line 12 to page 25         line 6, and a multi-compartment dyeing device as described on         page 35, lines 21 to 27, especially on page 36, line 1 to page         37, or     -   a ready-to-use composition or a multi-compartment dyeing device         comprising compositions of at least one direct cationic dye and         at least one autooxidisable oxidation dye, especially benzene,         indol and indoline derivatives as described in WO 99/20234,         especially on page 26, line 5 to page 32, line 18, or     -   oxidation dyeing compositions of at least one direct dye and at         least one meta-Aminophenol derivative and at least one developer         compound and an oxidizing agent as described in EP 850 636,         especially on page 18, line 1 to page 22, line 11, or     -   oxidation dyeing compositions of at least one direct dye and at         least one developer compound selected from the group of         para-Phenylenediamine derivatives and Bis-Phenylalkylenediamine         and, and at least one coupler compound selected from the group         of meta-Diphenols and an oxidizing agent, as described in         EP-A-850 637, especially on page 19, line 24 to page 22, line         57,     -   cationic dye and e.g. a pyrazolo-(1,5-a)-pyrimidine derivatives,         as described in EP 998 908, especially on page 47, line 25 to         page 50, line 29, or     -   oxidative dye precursors (unsaturated aldehyde and coupler         compounds), as described in German Patent Application 197 172         24, especially on page 3, line 36 to page 9 line 64.

Cationic dyes may be present in the colouring compositions for carrying out the method according to the invention preferably in an amount of from 0.001% to 5%, especially from 0.01% to 1%, based on the total dyeing composition.

The pH value of the ready-to-use dyeing preparations is usually from 2 to 11, preferably from 5 to 10.

The constituents of the aqueous carrier are used in the colouring compositions for carrying out the method according to the invention in the amounts customary for that purpose; for example emulsifiers may be used in concentrations of from 0.5 to 30% by weight and thickeners in concentrations of from 0.1 to 25% by weight of the total dyeing composition.

If direct dyes are used together with oxidation dyes, they may be stored separately or together.

It is preferred to store the oxidation dyes and direct dyes, which are not stable to reduction, separate

They may be stored in a liquid to paste-like preparation (aqueous or non-aqueous) or in the form of a dry powder.

When the dyes and adjuvants are stored together in a liquid preparation, the preparation should be substantially anhydrous in order to reduce reaction of the compounds.

When they are stored separately, the reactive components are intimately mixed with one another only immediately before use. In the case of dry storage, before use a defined amount of hot (from 50 to 80° C.) water is usually added and a homogeneous mixture prepared.

One preferred method of applying direct dyes containing formulations on hair is by using a multi-compartment dyeing device or “kit” or any other multi-compartment packaging system, as described for example in WO 97/20545 on page 4, line 19 to line 27.

The colouring compositions for carrying out the method according to the invention may combined with a suitable ready-to-use composition for the oxidation dyeing of keratin fibers, in particular human keratin, comprising an oxidizing agent, at least one direct dye and at least one oxidation dye precursor, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,190,421, in column 1, line 65 to column 3, line 65, especially in column 10, line 62 to column 12, line 65.

Preferably, such a ready-to-use composition is prepared according to a first preferred embodiment by a process which comprises a preliminary step which involves separately storing, on the one hand, a composition (A) comprising, in a medium which is suitable for dyeing, at least one developer compound, especially selected from para-phenylenediamines and bis(phenyl)alkylenediamines, and the acid-addition salts thereof, at least one coupler, especially selected from meta-phenylenediamines and the acid-addition salts thereof, and at least one cationic direct dye, on the other hand, a composition (B) containing, in a medium which is suitable for dyeing, at least one oxidizing agent and mixing them together at the time of use before applying this mixture to the keratin fibers.

According to a second preferred embodiment for the preparation of the ready-to-use dye composition, the process includes a preliminary step which involves separately storing, on the one hand, a composition (A) comprising, in a medium which is suitable for dyeing, at least one developer compound, especially selected from para-phenylenediamines and bis(phenyl)alkylenediamines, and the acid-addition salts thereof, at least one coupler compound, especially selected from meta-phenylenediamines and the acid-addition salts thereof; on the other hand, a composition (A′) comprising, in a medium which is suitable for dyeing, at least one cationic direct dye and, lastly, a composition (B) containing, in a medium which is suitable for dyeing, at least one oxidizing agent as defined above, and mixing them together at the time of use before applying this mixture to the keratin fibers.

The composition (A′) used according to this second variant of the process in accordance with the invention can optionally be in powder form, the cationic direct dye(s) in accordance with the invention itself (themselves) constituting, in this case, all of the said composition (A′) or optionally being dispersed in an organic and/or inorganic pulverulent excipient.

When it is present in the composition A′, the organic excipient can be of synthetic or plant origin and is selected in particular from crosslinked and non-crosslinked synthetic polymers, polysaccharides such as celluloses and modified or unmodified starches, as well as natural products containing them such as sawdust and plant gums (guar gum, carob gum, xanthan gum, etc.).

When it is present in the composition (A′), the inorganic excipient can contain metal oxides such as titanium oxides, aluminium oxides, kaolin, talc, silicates, mica and silicas.

An very suitable excipient in the colouring compositions for carrying out the method according to the invention is sawdust.

The powdered composition (A′) can also contain binders or coating products in an amount which preferably does not exceed approximately 3% by weight relative to the total weight of the said composition (A′).

These binders are preferably selected from oils and liquid fatty substances of inorganic, synthetic, animal or plant origin.

The composition (A′) may optionally also contain other adjuvants, in powdered form, in particular surfactants of any kind, hair conditioners such as, for example, cationic polymers, etc.

Another subject of the invention is a multi-compartment dyeing device or “kit” or any other multi-compartment packaging system, as described for example in U.S. Pat. No. 6,228,129, especially in column 26, lines 13 to 24, especially in column 26, line 26 to column 27, line 9, or. A first compartment which contains the composition (A) as defined above, an optional second compartment contains the composition (A′) as defined above, when it is present, and a third compartment contains the oxidizing composition (B) as defined above. These devices can be equipped with means which allow the desired mixture to be applied to the hair, such as the devices described in French patent FR-2,586,913, the disclosure of which is specifically incorporated by reference herein.

An oxidizing agent, which may be added to the colouring compositions for carrying out the method according to the invention containing composition, comprises an oxidizing agent and a base.

Further, this composition comprises for this oxidizing agent containing composition customary adjuvant and additives.

The formulations are for example a solution, especially a thickened watery or watery alcoholic solution, a cream, foam, a gel, a powder or an emulsion.

In general, preference is given to a cream formulation, a gel formulation or a foam formulation, and especially a foam formulation.

But, if stability- or solubility-problems arise it may of advantage to use powder formulation as for example described in DE 197 13 698, page 2, line 26 to 54 and page 3, line 51 to page 4, line 25, and page 4, line 41 to page 5 line 59.

The oxidizing agent (calculated as hydrogen peroxide) is present in this composition in 0.5 to 12% by weight, in particular from 1 to 6% by weight based on the totals weight of the oxidizing agent containing composition.

The pH-value of the oxidizing agent containing composition is usually about 2 to 7, and in particular about 3 to 6.

An oxidizing agent free composition, which may be added to the colouring compositions for carrying out the method according to the invention, comprises a developer compound and a coupler compound and a reduction agent, or

-   a developer compound or/and optionally a reduction agent, or -   a coupler compound and a reduction agent.

Further, an oxidizing agent free composition may additionally comprise a direct dye as for example described in German Patent Application 199 59 479, column 3, line 12 to line 16.

Additionally, the oxidizing agent free composition usually comprises customary adjuvant and additives. Preferred are those, which are described in German Patent Application, in column 3, line 17 to line 41.

The pH-value of the oxidizing agent free composition is usually about 3 to 11, and in particular about 5 to 10, and most particular about 9 to 10.

For adjusting the pH-value organic or inorganic acids, as for example described in German Patent Application 199 59 479, column 3, line 46 to line 53 are suitable.

The colouring compositions for carrying out the method according to the invention may also be combined with hair dye compositions comprising an acid dye. Hair dye compositions comprising an acid dye are known. For example, they are described in “Dermatology”, edited by Ch. Culnan, H. Maibach, Verlag Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, Basle, 1986, Vol. 7, Ch. Zviak, The Science of Hair Care, chapter 7, pages 248–250, especially on page 253 and 254.

The hair dye compositions comprising an acid dye have a pH of 2–6, preferably 2–5, more preferably 2.5–4.0. If the pH is too low, the resulting composition may roughen the hair, scalp and hand skin due to an acid component in some cases. If the pH is too high, the penetration accelerating effect on the acid dye is lowered.

The colouring method according to the present invention may also readily be used in combination with other dyes and/or adjuvants used in the colouring of hair, for example

-   acid dye and an alkylene carbonate, as described in U.S. Pat. No.     6,248,314, especially in examples 1 and 2, or -   acid hair dye compositions comprise various kinds of organic     solvents represented by benzyl alcohol as a penetrant solvent have     good penetrability into hair, as described in Japanese Patent     Application Laid-Open Nos. 210023/1986 and 101841/1995, or -   acid hair dye compositions with a water-soluble polymer or the like     to prevent the drooping of the hair dye composition, as described     for example in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos.     87450/1998, 255540/1997 and 245348/1996, or -   acid hair dye compositions with a water-soluble polymer of aromatic     alcohols, lower alkylene carbonates, or the like as described in     Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 53970/1998 and Japanese     Patent Publication No. 23911/1973.

Preferred keratin fibers are human hair.

The dyes or dye precursors are suitable for all-over colouring of the hair, that is to say when colouring the hair on a first occasion, and also for re-colouring subsequently, or colouration of locks or parts of the hair.

The dyes or dye precursors are applied to hair for example through massage in by hand, a comb, a brush, or a bottle, or a bottle, which is combined with a comb or a nozzle.

In general, the dyes or dye precursors are applied to the hair in a formulation with further components, like adjuvants or additional dyes or dye precursors.

After the application of the dyeing composition the dyed hair is customary rinsed.

Customary, the rinsing is conducted with water.

In a suitable embodiment of the processes of the present invention for dyeing human hair, the dyeing composition is not rinsed off, but washed off with a commercially available hair shampoo.

In general, the dyed hair is dried after rinsing and/or washing.

Customary, drying is conducted with hot air by means of a drier or the like, since color migration to clothes and the like becomes scarcely caused.

In the context of the present invention, the expression “a further dye”, denotes preferably an oxidation dye, a diazotised compound, a capped diazotised compound and/or coupler compound, or acid dye, especially selected a cationic, anionic or uncharged direct dye.

A very suitable process for dyeing keratin fibers comprise contacting the keratin fibers under alkaline conditions with at least one capped diazotized compound and a coupler compound, with the proviso that the pH is adjusted in the range from 2 to 6 in the last process step.

Adjusting the pH is achieved in conventional manner by adding an acid as described for example in EP 962218, especially on page 3, lines 12 to 16.

Acids are for example tartaric acid or citric acid, a citric acid gel, a suitable buffer solution with optionally an acid dye.

Preferred technical forms of acids are a solution, a gel, a cream, a foam, a conditioner, a emulsion, a shampoo and more preferred a shampoo or a conditioner.

In the context of the present invention, the expression “alkaline condition”, denotes to all process steps without those wherein acid conditions are explicitly described.

All processes for dyeing keratin fibers, in particular human hair, usually comprise after contacting the keratin fiber with a dye and/or optionally or an oxidizing agent

-   -   a) leaving the fibers to stand, and     -   b) then rinsing the fibers.

The process for dyeing keratin fibers, in particular human hair, with direct dyes comprises

-   -   a) contacting the keratin fibers with a direct dye.

The process for dyeing is for example described in WO 01/66646 on page 15, line 32 to page 16, line 2.

Usually, the dyeing compositions are usually applied to the hair in an amount of from 50 to 100 g.

This composition is left on the fiber at 15 to 45° C. for 5 to 30 minutes, and in particular for 10 to 20 minutes at 20 to 30° C.

The method of colouring according to the invention in combination with at least one direct dye may further concerns a process for dyeing keratin fibres comprises

-   -   a) contacting the keratin fibers with at least one direct dye, a         base and an oxidizing agent.

Compositions comprising at least one direct dye and an oxidizing agent, are for example described in WO 97/20545, on page 3, line 24 to page 11, line 4, and especially on page 4, line 9 to 17.

The composition comprising at least one direct dye, a base and an oxidizing agent is prepared by mixing at least one direct dye and a base, and then just before the dyeing of the hair, adding an oxidizing agent.

Alternatively, the oxidizing agent can be applied simultaneously with a composition comprising at least one dye and a base.

Preferably, the process for dyeing keratin fibres with at least on direct dye comprises using a multi-compartment dyeing device or ‘kits’ as described for example in WO 97/20545, especially on page 4, line 19 to line 27.

Suitable processes for enlightening dyeing, which can be used in combination with the method for colouring according to the invention are described in WO 97/20545, on page 11 to page 13.

Suitable processes for dyeing with cationic dyes, which can be combined with the method of colouring according to the present invention, are described

-   -   in WO 95/01772, especially on page 10, line 24 to page 11, line         16, and especially on page 11, line 29 to page 28, or     -   in WO 01/66646, especially on page 1, line 18 to page 3, line         16, and preferred from page 16, line 20 to page 22, or     -   in EP 970 685, especially on page 50, lines 15 to 43, and         preferred from page 50, line 46 to page 51, line 40, or     -   in DE-A-19 713 698, especially page 5, lines 26 to 60, or     -   a process of dyeing with direct dyes and oxidizing agent is         described in WO 97/20545, especially on page 10, line 10 to page         11, line 55 and preferably on page 11, line 6 to page 13, line         19.

Suitable processes for dyeing with combinations of cationic dyes and other dyes, which can be combined with the method of colouring according to the present invention, are:

-   -   mixtures of at least two cationic dyes as described in WO         95/01772, especially on page 11, lines 1 to 15, or     -   combinations of Pyrazolo-[1,5-a]-pyrimidines with at least one         cationic dye as described in EP 998,908, especially on page 50,         lines 15 to 28, or     -   combinations of cationic dyes as described in FR-2788432,         especially on page 49, line 28 to page 52, and preferred on page         50, lines 16 to 28, or     -   combinations of direct dyes and/or an oxidation dye and         oxidizing agents in the form of permanent-wave fixing solution,         especially with direct dyes as described in DE-A-19 713 698,         especially on page 2, lines 12 to 23, especially on page 4, line         65 to page 5, line 59, or     -   combinations of cationic dyes and an oxidation dye of the         developer compound type and oxidizing agents as described in EP         850 638, especially on page 29, line 42 to page 30, line 20 and         preferred on page 30, line 25 to page 32, line 30, or     -   combinations of an extemporaneous mixture of a composition (A)         containing one or more oxidation dye precursors and optionally         one or more couplers, and of a composition (B), in powder form,         containing one or more direct dye, preferably cationic,         optionally dispersed in an organic pulverulent excipient and/or         a mineral pulverulent excipient, and a composition (C)         containing one or more oxidizing agent as described in U.S. Pat.         No. 6,190,421, especially in column 8, lines 43 to 52, and         preferably in column 8, line 55 to column 9, line 55, or     -   a ready-to-use composition comprising, at least one oxidation         base, at least one cationic direct dye and at least one enzyme         of 2-electron oxidoreductase type in the presence of at least         one donor for the said enzyme as described in U.S. Pat. No.         6,228,129, especially in column 25, line 56 to column 27, line         9, or     -   a ready-to-use composition or multi-compartment dyeing device         comprising compositions of at least one direct cationic dye and         at least one nitrated benzene dye as described in WO 99/20235 on         page 34, line 27 to page 37, or     -   a ready-to-use composition or multi-compartment dyeing device         comprising compositions of at least one direct cationic dye and         at least one autooxidisable oxidation dye, especially benzene,         indol and indoline derivatives as described in WO 99/20234,         especially on page 32, line 20 to page 35, oxidation dyeing         compositions of at least one direct dye and at least one         meta-Aminophenol derivative and at least one developer compound         and an oxidizing agent as described in EP 850 636, especially on         page 18, line 1 to page 22, line 11, or     -   oxidation dyeing compositions of at least one direct dye and at         least one developer compound selected from the group of         para-Phenylenediamine derivatives and Bis-Phenylalkylenediamine         and, and at least one coupler compound selected from the group         of meta-Diphenols and an oxidizing agent, as described in         EP-A-850 637, especially on page 19, line 24 to page 22, line         57,     -   cationic dye and e.g. a pyrazolo-(1,5-a)-pyrimidine derivatives,         as described in EP 998 908, especially on page 47, line 25 to         page 50, line 29, or     -   arianors and/or oxidative dyes, as described in FR-2 788 432,         especially on page 2, line 16 to page 3, line 16, and page 5,         line 19 to page 14, line 8, and combinations with cationic dyes         as described on page 14, line 23 and following, or     -   oxidative dye precursors (unsaturated aldehyde and coupler         compounds), as described in German Patent Application 197 172         24, especially on page 3, line 36 to page 9 line 64.

The method of colouring of keratin fibers, especially human hair, according to the present invention may combined with direct dyes and oxidative dyes.

The process for dyeing keratin fibers with direct dyes and oxidative dyes, in particular human hair, comprises

-   -   a) contacting the keratin fibers with an oxidizing agent,         optionally containing at least a direct dye,     -   b) then contacting the keratin fibers with an oxidizing agent         free composition, optionally containing at least a direct dye,     -   or     -   a) contacting the keratin fibers with an oxidizing agent free         composition, optionally containing at least a direct dye,     -   b) then contacting the keratin fibers with an oxidizing agent,         optionally containing at least a direct dye.

The method of colouring according to the present invention may combined with a process for dyeing keratin fibers with direct dyes and oxidative dyes, which comprises

-   -   a) contacting the keratin fibers with at least one direct dye,     -   b) then contacting the keratin fibers with an oxidizing agent         free composition.

Such process is for example described in DE 199 41 450, especially on page 5, lines 50 to 58, and on page 8, line 31 to 46.

Oxidizing agent is usually applied in form of an oxidizing agent containing composition.

Oxidizing agent free composition containing at least one coupler compound, at least one developer compound, a base and a reduction agent.

Customary, the oxidizing agent containing composition is evenly applied in a sufficient amount related to the amount of hair, usually with 30 to 200 g.

In general, the oxidizing agent containing composition is left on the fiber at 15 to 45° C. for 0 to 15 minutes, and in particular for 0 to 5 minutes.

Then the oxidizing agent free composition is applied to the hair.

In general, the direct dye and oxidizing agent free composition is left on the fiber at 15 to 50° C. for 5 to 45 minutes, and in particular for 10 to 25 minutes.

The coupler and developer compounds of the oxidizing agent free composition can be applied simultaneously or in succession. Preferred is a simultaneous application.

One preferred embodiment of the process is to wash the hair with shampoo and or a weak acid, such as citric acid or tartrate acid.

The direct dyes, which are stable to reduction can stored together with the oxidizing agent free compositions and are applicable as composition.

It is of advantage to prepare compositions of direct dyes, which are not stable to reduction, with oxidizing agent free compositions just before the dyeing process.

Further, a direct dye and an oxidizing agent free composition can be applied simultaneously or in succession.

A suitable process for the coloration of keratin fiber with direct dyes and oxidation dyes, which can be used in combination with the method of colouring according to the present invention, comprises

-   -   a) mixing at least one direct dye and optionally at least one         coupler compound and at least one developer compound, and an         oxidizing agent, which optionally contains at least one direct         dye, and     -   b) then contacting the keratin fibers with the mixture as         prepared in step a).

A further suitable process for the coloration of keratin fiber with direct dyes and oxidation dyes, which can be used in combination with the method of colouring according to the present invention, comprises

-   -   a) mixing at least one autooxidable compound and at least one         developer compound and at least one direct dye, and     -   b) then contacting the keratin fibers with the mixture prepared         in step a).

The direct dye is usually applied in form of a composition, comprising further adjuvants, in particular an aqueous composition.

In general the mixing is conducted just before contacting the keratin fibers.

Usually, the mixture prepared in process step a) is evenly applied in a sufficient amount related to the amount of hair, usually with 30 to 200 g.

In general, the mixture is left on the fiber at 15 to 45° C. for 0 to 50 minutes, and in particular for 30 to 45 minutes.

One preferred embodiment of the processes is to wash the hair with shampoo and or a weak acid, such as citric acid or tartrate acid, as for example described in EP 962218, especially on page 3, lines 9 to 18.

One suitable embodiment of the present invention concerns in addition to the method according to the present invention, the separate application of a direct dye an oxidation dye is for example as described in DE-A-19 713 698, especially page 4, line 65 to page 35, line 59, wherein the keratin fibres are contacted in a first step with a direct dye, especially in form of a tinting powder, and an oxidizing agent, and then, in a second step, with an oxidizing free composition, especially in form of a powder.

Further, it is possible to apply a for example a ready-to-use composition for the oxidation dyeing of keratin fibers, in particular human keratin fibers such as hair, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,190,421, in column 1, line 65 to column 3, line 65, especially in column 10, line 62 to column 12, line 65.

According to this process, the ready-to-use dye composition as defined above is applied to the fibers and is left on them for an exposure time preferably of from approximately 3 to approximately 40 minutes, more preferably from approximately 5 to approximately 30 minutes, after which the fibers are rinsed, optionally washed with shampoo, rinsed again and dried.

If unsaturated aldehydes are used as oxidative precursor dye together with a coupler compound no oxidizing agent is needed as described in German Patent Application 19 717 224.5. Nevertheless, it may be desirable to conduct the colouring in the presence of oxidizing agents, if lightening or a unified colouration of the keratin fiber is envisaged.

The process of dyeing keratin fibers with oxidative dye precursors, which can be used in combination with the method of colouring according to the present invention, comprises

-   -   a) contacting the keratin fibers with an unsaturated aldehyde, a         coupler compound and a direct dye.

In all above-cited dyeing processes it is also possible to apply a mixture of coupler compounds/and or developer compounds and/different direct dyes.

Another preferred embodiment of the processes for oxidative dyeing of keratin fibers, which can be used in combination with the method of colouring according to the present invention, comprise applying to the keratin fibers after contacting with an oxidizing agent free composition containing a coupler compound and a developer compound and optionally a direct dye with a further oxidizing agent free composition containing a coupler compound and a developer compound and optionally an oxidizing agent containing composition and optionally a direct dye by a pH range from 5 to 7, preferred from 6.5 to 7. In general the keratin fiber is not washed or rinsed afterwards as for example described in EP 962217, especially on page 3, lines 9 to 17.

The developer and coupler compounds can be applied separately, simultaneously or in succession.

In all above-cited dyeing processes with oxidation dye precursors it is also possible to apply a mixture of coupler compounds/and or developer compounds.

A more suitable process for the dyeing of keratin fibers with oxidative dyes, which can be used in combination with the method of colouring according to the present invention, comprises,

-   -   a) contacting the keratin fibers with an oxidizing agent         containing composition,     -   b) then contacting the keratin fibers with an oxidizing agent         free composition.

Such process is for example described in DE 19959479, especially in column 3, line 54 to column 4, line 8.

Usually, the oxidizing agent containing composition is evenly applied in a sufficient amount related to the amount of hair, usually with 30 to 200 g.

In general, the oxidizing agent containing composition is left on the fiber at 15 to 50° C. for 0 to 15 minutes, and in particular for 0 to 30 minutes.

Then the oxidizing agent free composition is applied.

Customary, the oxidizing agent free composition is left on the fiber at 15 to 50° C. for 5 to 45 minutes, and in particular for 10 to 25 minutes.

The coupler and developer compounds of oxidizing agent free compositions can be applied as an admixture, or separately simultaneously or in succession. Preferred is the application of an admixture.

One suitable embodiment of the processes is to wash the hair with shampoo and or a weak acid, such as citric acid or tartrate acid, as for example described in EP 962218, especially on page 3, lines 9 to 18.

A further suitable process for the coloration of keratin fiber with oxidation dyes, which can be used in combination with the method of colouring according to the present invention, comprises

-   -   a) mixing at least one coupler compound and developer compound,         and an oxidizing agent, and     -   b) then contacting the keratin fibers with the mixture as         prepared in step a).

A further suitable process for the coloration of keratin fiber with an oxidation dye, which can be used in combination with the method of colouring according to the present invention, comprises

-   -   a) mixing an autooxidable compound and a developer compound, and     -   b) then contacting the keratin fibers with the mixture prepared         in step a).

Especially preferred is a process for dyeing keratin fibers, in particular human hair, with capped diazotised compounds, which comprises,

-   -   a) contacting the keratin fibers, under alkaline conditions,         with at least one capped diazotised compound and a coupler         compound, and optionally an oxidising agent, and optionally in         the presence of a further dye,     -   b) then adjusting the pH in the range of 6 to 2 by treatment         with acid, optionally in the presence of a further dye.

The capped diazotised compound and coupler compound and optionally the oxidizing agent, can be applied in any desired order successively, or simultaneously.

Preferably, however, the capped diazotised compound and the coupler compound are applied simultaneously, in a single composition.

Customary the dyeing composition is applied to the hair in an amount of from 50 to 100 g.

In the context of the present invention, the expression “alkaline conditions” denotes a pH in the range from 8 to 10, preferably 9–10, especially 9.5–10.

Adding bases, for example sodium carbonate, ammonia or sodium hydroxide, to the hair or to the dye precursors, the capped diazotised compound and/or the water-soluble coupling component, or to colouring compositions comprising the dye precursors, customarily achieve the alkaline conditions.

In the second stage, the diazotised compound and the coupler compound are then caused to react, preferably by lowering the pH to a value of from 6 to 2, especially from 3 to 4.

A preferred embodiment of all processes of the present invention for dyeing keratin fibers comprise contacting the keratin fibers under alkaline conditions with at least one capped diazotized compound and a coupler compound, with the proviso that the pH is adjusted in the range from 2 to 6 in the last process step.

Adjusting the pH is achieved in conventional manner by adding an acid as described for example in EP 962218, especially on page 3, lines 12 to 16.

Acids are for example tartaric acid or citric acid, a citric acid gel, a suitable buffer solution with optionally an acid dye.

Preferred technical forms of acids are a solution, a gel, a cream, a foam, a conditioner, a emulsion, a shampoo and more preferred a shampoo or a conditioner.

The ratio of the amount of alkaline colouring composition applied in the first stage to that of acid colouring composition applied in the second stage is preferably about from 1:3 to 3:1, especially about 1:1.

This first alkaline and then acid dyeing compositions each are left on the fiber at 15 to 45° C. for 5 to 60 minutes, and in particular for 5 to 45 minutes at 20 to 30° C.

In the methods according to the invention, whether or not colouring is to be carried out in the presence of a further dye will depend upon the colour shade to be obtained.

In the context of the present invention, the expression “a further dye”, denotes preferably an oxidation dye, a diazotised compound, a capped diazotised compound and/or coupler compound, or acid dye, especially selected a cationic, anionic or uncharged direct dye, especially a cationic dye selected from the group of the cationic dyes as described in WO 95/01772, especially on page 2, line 7 to page 4, line 1, and preferred on page 4, line 35 to page 8, line 21 with the given preferences, and as described in WO 01/66646, especially on page 1, line 18 to page 3, line 16, or a mixture of at least two cationic dyes as described in WO 95/01772, especially on page 8, line 34 to page 10, line 22.

A preferred embodiment of the process for dyeing keratin fibres with capped diazotised compounds and a coupler compound, comprises contacting the keratin fibres with more than one capped diazotised compound and/or more than one coupler compound.

Preferred is a process of the present invention for the coloration of keratin fiber with capped diazotised compounds comprises

-   -   a) mixing, under alkaline conditions, at least one with capped         diazotised compound and at least one coupler compound and at         least one direct dye and optionally at least one developer         compound; and an oxidizing agent, which optionally contains at         least one direct dye, and     -   b) then contacting the keratin fibers with the mixture as         prepared in step a),     -   c) then adjusting the pH in the range of 6 to 2 by treatment         with acid, optionally in the presence of a further dye.

More preferred is a process for dyeing keratin fibres with at least one capped diazotized compound, which comprises

-   -   a) mixing under alkaline conditions, at least one capped         diazotized compound and at least one direct dye, a base and an         oxidizing agent, and     -   b) then contacting the keratin fibers with the mixture as         prepared in step a),     -   c) then adjusting the pH in the range of 6 to 2 by treatment         with acid, optionally in the presence of a further dye.

Further, preferred is a process for the coloration of keratin fiber with capped diazotised compounds comprising

-   -   a) mixing under alkaline conditions, at least one with capped         diazotised compound and at least one coupler compound and         optionally at least one direct dye and optionally at least one         developer compound, and optionally at least one autooxidable         compound, and     -   b) then contacting the keratin fibers with the mixture prepared         in step a),     -   c) then adjusting the pH in the range of 6 to 2 by treatment         with acid, optionally in the presence of a further dye.

A further suitable process for the two-step direct dyeing of keratin fibres, which can be used in combination with the method of colouring according to the present invention, is characterized in that,

-   -   a) contacting the keratin fibers with an oxidizing agent or an         oxidizing agent containing composition,     -   b) then contacting the keratin fibers with at least one capped         diazotised compound and at least a coupler compound and         optionally a direct dye or/and optionally an oxidizing agent         free composition,     -   c) then adjusting the pH in the range of 6 to 2 by treatment         with acid, optionally in the presence of a further dye.     -   or     -   a) contacting the keratin fibers with at least one capped         diazotised compound and a coupler compound and optionally a         direct dye or/and optionally an oxidizing agent free         composition,     -   b) then contacting the keratin fibers with an oxidizing agent or         an oxidizing agent containing composition,     -   c) then adjusting the pH in the range of 5 to 2 by treatment         with acid, optionally in the presence of a further dye.     -   d)

The present invention also concerns a process for the colouration of keratin fibers, especially human hair, with acid dyes, which can be used in combination with the method of colouring according to the present invention.

The process comprises additionally

-   -   a) contacting the keratin fiber with an acid dye.

Customary, the dyeing composition comprising an acid dye is applied to the hair in an amount of from 50 to 100 g.

This in a composition is left on the fiber at 15 to 45° C. for 1 to 30 minutes, and in particular for 0 to 15 minutes at 20 to 30° C.

Preferably the hair is rinsed and than washed with shampoo and more preferably not rinsed, but washed with shampoo.

The shampoo used herein includes a shampoo comprising 5–20% of a usual anionic surfactant such as an alkylsulfate or polyoxyethylene alkylsulfate.

The invention relates also to colouring compositions for carrying out the method according to the invention, which compositions comprise

-   a) at least one compound of formula (1), (2), (3), (4) or (5)     indicated hereinbefore, -   b) a medium for adjusting the pH, -   c) water, -   d) at least one coupling component of formula (I), (Ia), (Ia′),     (Ia″), (Ia′″), (Ia″″), (Ib), (Ic), (Va) (Va′), (Va″), (Va′″),     (Va″″), (VIa), (VIa′), (VIIa), (VIIa′), (VIIa″), (VIIIa) (VIIIa′),     (IXa) (IXa′), (IXa″) and/or (X)     -   and, optionally, -   e) further additives.

Especially preferred compositions comprise

-   a) at least one compound of formula (1), (2), (3), (4) or (5)     indicated hereinbefore, -   b) a medium for adjusting the pH, -   c) water, -   d) at least one coupling component of formula (I), (Ia), (Ia′),     (Ia″), (Ia′″), (Ia″″), (Ib), (Ic), (Va) (Va′), (Va″), (Va′″),     (Va″″), (VIa), (VIa′), (VIIa), (VIIa′), (VIIa″), (VIIIa) (VIIIa′),     (IXa) (IXa′), (IXa″) and/or (X), -   e) a further dye, preferably an oxidation dye, or a cationic,     anionic or uncharged direct dye, especially a cationic dye selected     from the group of the cationic dyes as described in WO 95/01772 and     WO 01/66646,     -   and, optionally, -   f) further additives.

The colouring compositions used in accordance with the invention and the optionally used oxidation dye precursors may be stored either separately or together, either in a liquid to paste-like preparation (aqueous or non-aqueous) or in the form of a dry powder. When the components are stored together in a liquid preparation, the preparation should be substantially anhydrous in order to reduce reaction of the components. When they are stored separately, the reactive components are intimately mixed with one another only immediately before use. In the case of dry storage, before use a defined amount of hot (from 50 to 80° C.) water is usually added and a homogeneous mixture prepared.

The following Examples serve to illustrate the invention without limiting the invention thereto. Unless specified otherwise, parts and percentages relate to weight. The amounts of dye specified are relative to the material being coloured.

EXAMPLE 1

A) Preparation of triazenes

43.4 g of 4-chloro-2-amino-1-methylbenzene are mixed with 81 g of 32% hydrochloric acid and cooled to 0° C. Then, over the course of one hour, 75 ml of 4N aqueous sodium nitrite solution are added dropwise, with stirring, the temperature being maintained at from 0 to 5° C. The resulting solution is then added dropwise, over the course of 15 minutes, to an aqueous solution of 30 g of sarcosine and 90 g of sodium carbonate in 250 ml of water at a temperature of 0–5° C. The resulting brown suspension is filtered, the residue is recrystallised from ethanol and dried in air. 66.2 g of 3-methyl-1-(5-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-3-(carboxylmethyl)triazene are obtained in the form of brownish-yellow powder. (Yield: 91%). The compound has the following formula and its ¹H-NMR spectrum exhibits the chemical shifts indicated.

EXAMPLES 2 TO 4

Using a procedure analogous to that described in Example 1, the following compounds are prepared:

Example 2 3 4

Colouring Method A:

A strand of bleached human hair is immersed, for 30 minutes at room temperature, in an aqueous solution containing 0.2M triazene and 0.2M coupling component, which has been adjusted to pH 10.0 using sodium carbonate, ammonia or NaOH. The strand is removed, excess solution is wiped off and the strand is immersed for 5 minutes in a pH 3 buffer solution containing 4% sodium citrate and 2% citric acid. The strand is then thoroughly rinsed using water and, where appropriate, a shampoo solution and is dried. Hair coloured in the shades mentioned is obtained, with outstanding fastness properties, especially fastness to washing properties.

Colouring Method B:

A strand of bleached human hair is immersed, for 30 minutes at room temperature, in an aqueous solution that contains 0.2M triazene, 0.2M coupling component and 0.2M of hydrogen peroxide (6%) and that has been adjusted to a pH in the range pH 9.8–10 using sodium carbonate, ammonia or NaOH. After contact for 5–30 minutes, there is applied to the strand, without its being rinsed, an amount, corresponding to the weight of triazene and coupling component originally used, of a mixture comprising 12.5% strength aqueous citric acid gel, which contains 0.1% by weight of a cationic dye selected from the group of the cationic dyes as disclosed in WO 95/01772 and in WO 01/66646. The strand is then combed through thoroughly, a pH of about 7 being obtained. After contact for 15 minutes, the treated strand is treated again with the above mixture comprising 12.5% strength citric acid gel and 0.1% by weight of a cationic dye selected from the group of the cationic dyes as disclosed in WO 95/01772 and in WO 01/66646 at pH 4 for 5 minutes, rinsed thoroughly with water and then dried. Hair is obtained with outstanding fastness properties, especially fastness to washing and fastness to shampooing properties.

Colouring Method C:

A strand of bleached human hair is immersed, for 30 minutes at room temperature, in an aqueous solution that contains 0.2M triazene, 0.2M coupling component and 0.2 mol of hydrogen peroxide (6%) and that has been adjusted to a pH in the range pH 9.8–10 using sodium carbonate, ammonia or NaOH. After contact for 5–30 minutes, there is applied to the hair, without its being rinsed, an amount, corresponding to the weight of triazene and coupling component originally used, of a 12.5% strength aqueous citric acid gel containing 0.1% by weight of a cationic dye selected from the group of the cationic dyes as disclosed in WO 95/01772 and in WO 01/66646 and 4% sodium citrate; the hair is combed through thoroughly, a pH of about 3 being obtained. Then, after a contact time of 5–30 minutes, the hair is rinsed thoroughly with water and dried. Hair is obtained with outstanding fastness properties, especially good fastening to washing properties.

Colouring Method D:

A strand of bleached human hair is immersed, for 30 minutes at room temperature, in an aqueous solution containing 0.2M triazene, 0.2M coupling component, 0.2 mol of hydrogen peroxide (6%) and from 0.1 to 1% by weight, based on the weight of the triazene and coupling component, of a cationic dye selected from the group of the cationic dyes as described in WO 95/01772 and in WO 01/66646. The strand is then adjusted to a pH in the range pH 9.8–10 using sodium carbonate, ammonia or NaOH. After contact for 5–30 minutes, there is applied to the hair, without its being rinsed, an amount, corresponding to the weight of triazene and coupling component originally used, of a 12.5% strength aqueous citric acid gel and 4% sodium citrate and the hair is combed through thoroughly, a pH of about 3 being obtained. Then, after a contact time of 5–30 minutes, the hair is rinsed thoroughly with water and dried. Hair is obtained with outstanding fastness properties, especially good fastness to washing properties.

Triazene Coupler Hair colour Example 5:

carmine-red Example 6:

yellow Example 7:

cherry red Example 8:

reddishorange Example 9:

purple Example 10:

red Example 11:

reddishorange Example 12:

orange Example 13:

violet Example 14:

orange Example 15:

blueishred Example 16:

blueishred Example 17:

brownishred Example 18:

reddishbrown Example 19:

blue-ishred Example 20:

red Example 21:

red Example 22:

reddishbrown Example 23:

violet Example 24:

blue Example 25:

scarlet Example 26:

yellow Example 27:

blue Example 28:

violet

EXAMPLE 29

A strand of bleached human hair is coloured with 10 g of composition A.

Composition A (pH=10)

Ingredients wt.-% cetyl stearyl alcohol 11.00 oleth-5 5.0 oleic acid 2.5 stearic acid monoethanolamide 2.5 coconut fatty acid monoethanolamide 2.5 sodium lauryl sulfate 1.7 1,2-propanediol 1.0 ammonium chloride 0.5 EDTA, tetrasodium salt 0.2 perfume 0.4 wheat protein hydrolysate 0.2 silica 0.1 triazene of Example 7 4.66 coupler of Example 7 (chloride) 6.02 water ad 100

The mixture is allowed to act on the strand for 15 minutes at about 22° C. Then 10 g of a mixture of a 2% strength aqueous citric acid gel containing 4% sodium citrate, are applied to the strand and then combed through, whereupon a pH of about 3 is achieved. After contact for 30 minutes, the strand is thoroughly rinsed and then dried.

A strong, intense, striking cherry red coloration having good fastness to washing and fastness to rubbing properties is obtained.

EXAMPLE 30

A strand of medium blond human hair is treated with a mixture of equal parts by weight—5 g in each case—of 6% hydrogen peroxide solution and of composition B.

Composition B (pH=9.8)

Ingredients wt.-% cetyl stearyl alcohol 11.00 oleth-5 5.0 oleic acid 2.5 stearic acid monoethanolamide 2.5 coconut fatty acid monoethanolamide 2.5 sodium lauryl sulfate 1.7 1,2-propanediol 1.0 ammonium chloride 0.5 EDTA, tetrasodium salt 0.2 perfume 0.4 wheat protein hydrolysate 0.2 silica 0.1 2,5-diaminotoluene sulfate 0.7 4-amino-2-hydroxytoluene 0.5 2,5,6-triamino-4-hydroxypyrimidine sulfate 0.2 sodium sulfite 1.0 ascorbic acid 0.5 triazene of Example 23 11.76 coupler of Example 23 (chloride) 9.27 Ammonia (25%) 9.2 water ad 100

After contact for 15 minutes at room temperature, about 22° C., 10 g of a mixture of a 12.5% strength aqueous citric acid gel containing 0.1% by weight of a violet dye of the following formula

which is prepared analogously to WO 01/66646, Example 4, is applied to the strand. The strand is then combed through, whereupon a pH of about 7 is achieved. After contact for a further 15 minutes, the strand is again treated with 10 g of the above mixture of citric acid gel and violet dye, whereupon a pH of about 4 is achieved. The mixture is allowed to act for 5 minutes at pH 4 and the strand is then washed with water and shampoo and then again with water. The strand is then dried.

A strong, intense, striking violet coloration having good fastness to washing and fastness to rubbing properties is obtained.

EXAMPLE 31

A strand of medium-blond human hair is coloured with a mixture of equal parts by weight—5 g in each case—of 6% hydrogen peroxide solution and of composition B according to Example 30.

The mixture is allowed to act on the strand for 20 minutes at room temperature, about 22° C. 10 g of a mixture of a 2% strength aqueous citric acid gel containing 0.1% by weight of a violet dye according to the above formula in Example 30, and 4% sodium citrate, are then applied to the strand. The strand is then combed through, whereupon a pH of about 3 is achieved. After contact for 30 minutes, the strand is thoroughly rinsed and then dried.

A strong, intense, striking violet coloration having good fastness to washing and fastness to rubbing properties is obtained.

EXAMPLE 32

A strand of brown human hair is coloured with a mixture of equal parts by weight—5 g in each case—of 6% hydrogen peroxide solution and of composition C.

Composition C (pH=9.8)

Ingredients wt.-% cetyl stearyl alcohol 11.00 oleth-5 5.0 oleic acid 2.5 stearic acid monoethanolamide 2.5 coconut fatty acid monoethanolamide 2.5 sodium lauryl sulfate 1.7 1,2-propanediol 1.0 ammonium chloride 0.5 EDTA, tetrasodium salt 0.2 perfume 0.4 wheat protein hydrolysate 0.2 silica 0.1 triazene of Example 16 9.33 coupler of Example 16 (chloride) 13.23 water ad 100

The mixture is allowed to act on the strand for 30 minutes at about 22° C. 10 g of a mixture of a 2% strength aqueous citric acid gel containing 0.1% by weight of a violet dye according to the above formula in Example 30, and 4% sodium citrate, are then applied to the strand. The strand is then combed through, whereupon a pH of about 3 is achieved. After contact for 5 minutes, the strand is thoroughly rinsed and then dried.

A strong, intense, striking bluish red coloration having good fastness to washing and fastness to rubbing properties is obtained.

EXAMPLE 33

A strand of brown human hair is coloured with a mixture of equal parts by weight—5 g in each case—of 6% hydrogen peroxide solution and of composition D.

Composition D (pH=9.8)

Ingredients wt.-% cetyl stearyl alcohol 11.00 oleth-5 5.0 oleic acid 2.5 stearic acid monoethanolamide 2.5 coconut fatty acid monoethanolamide 2.5 sodium lauryl sulfate 1.7 1,2-propanediol 1.0 ammonium chloride 0.5 EDTA, tetrasodium salt 0.2 perfume 0.4 wheat protein hydrolysate 0.2 silica 0.1 triazene of Example 6 9.33 coupler of Example 6 (chloride) 5.42 coupler of example 7 (chloride) 6.02 water ad 100

The mixture is allowed to act on the strand for 30 minutes at about 22° C. 10 g of a mixture of a 2% strength aqueous citric acid gel containing 0.1% by weight of a violet dye according to the above formula in Example 30, and 4% sodium citrate, are then applied to the strand. The strand is then combed through, whereupon a pH of about 3 is achieved. After contact for 5 minutes, the strand is thoroughly rinsed and then dried.

A strong, intense, striking copper coloration having good fastness to washing and fastness to rubbing properties is obtained.

EXAMPLE 34

A strand of brown human hair is coloured with a mixture of equal parts by weight—5 g in each case—of 6% hydrogen peroxide solution and of composition E.

Composition E (pH=9.8)

Ingredients wt.-% cetyl stearyl alcohol 11.00 oleth-5 5.0 oleic acid 2.5 stearic acid monoethanolamide 2.5 coconut fatty acid monoethanolamide 2.5 sodium lauryl sulfate 1.7 1,2-propanediol 1.0 ammonium chloride 0.5 EDTA, tetrasodium salt 0.2 perfume 0.4 wheat protein hydrolysate 0.2 silica 0.1 coupler of Example 27 (chloride) 10.51 triazene of Example 27 4.66 triazene of Example 26 6.7 water ad 100

The mixture is allowed to act on the strand for 30 minutes at about 22° C. 10 g of a mixture of a 2% strength aqueous citric acid gel containing 0.1% by weight of a violet dye according to the above formula in Example 30, and 4% sodium citrate, are then applied to the strand. The strand is then combed through, whereupon a pH of about 3 is achieved. After contact for 5 minutes, the strand is thoroughly rinsed and then dried.

A strong, intense, striking red coloration having good fastness to washing and fastness to rubbing properties is obtained.

EXAMPLE 35

A strand of blond undamaged human hair is coloured with a mixture of equal parts by weight—5 g in each case—of 6% hydrogen peroxide solution and of composition F.

Composition F (pH=9.8)

Ingredients wt.-% cetyl stearyl alcohol 11.00 oleth-5 5.0 oleic acid 2.5 stearic acid monoethanolamide 2.5 coconut fatty acid monoethanolamide 2.5 sodium lauryl sulfate 1.7 1,2-propanediol 1.0 ammonium chloride 0.5 EDTA, tetrasodium salt 0.2 perfume 0.4 wheat protein hydrolysate 0.2 silica 0.1 Basic Red 51 0.2 triazene of Example 21 11.32 coupler of Example 21 (chloride) 10.63 water ad 100

A) The mixture is allowed to act on the strand for 30 minutes at about 22° C. 10 g of a mixture of a 2% strength aqueous citric acid gel containing 0.1% by weight of Basic Red 51 and 4% sodium citrate, are then applied to the strand; the latter is then combed through, whereupon a pH of about 3 is achieved. After contact for 5 minutes, the strand is thoroughly rinsed and then dried.

A strong, intense, striking red coloration having good fastness to washing and fastness to rubbing properties is obtained.

B) The mixture is allowed to act on the strand for 30 minutes at about 22° C. 10 g of a mixture of a 2% strength aqueous citric acid gel containing 4% sodium citrate, are then applied to the strand; the latter is then combed through, whereupon a pH of about 3 is achieved. After contact for 5 minutes, the strand is thoroughly rinsed and then dried.

A strong, intense, striking red coloration having good fastness to washing and fastness to rubbing properties is obtained.

C) The mixture is allowed to act on the strand for 30 minutes at about 22° C. 10 g of a mixture of a 2% strength aqueous citric acid gel containing 0.1% by weight of Basic Yellow 87 and 4% sodium citrate, are then applied to the strand; the latter is then combed through, whereupon a pH of about 3 is achieved. After contact for 15 minutes, the strand is thoroughly rinsed and then dried.

A strong, intense, striking copper red coloration having good fastness to washing and fastness to rubbing properties is obtained.

EXAMPLE 36

A strand of bleached human hair is coloured with 10 g of composition G.

Composition G (pH=10)

Ingredients wt.-% cetyl stearyl alcohol 11.00 oleth-5 5.0 oleic acid 2.5 stearic acid monoethanolamide 2.5 coconut fatty acid monoethanolamide 2.5 sodium lauryl sulfate 1.7 1,2-propanediol 1.0 ammonium chloride 0.5 EDTA, tetrasodium salt 0.2 perfume 0.4 wheat protein hydrolysate 0.2 silica 0.1 violet dye of Example 30 0.2 triazene of Example 13 7.02 coupler of Example 13 (chloride) 4.92 water ad 100

The mixture is allowed to act on the strand for 30 minutes at about 22° C. 10 g of a mixture of a 2% strength aqueous citric acid gel containing 4% sodium citrate are then applied to the strand; the latter is then combed through, whereupon a pH of about 3 is achieved. After contact for 5 minutes, the strand is thoroughly rinsed and then dried.

A strong, intense, striking violet coloration having good fastness to washing and fastness to rubbing properties is obtained.

EXAMPLE 37

A strand of bleached human hair is coloured with 10 g of composition H.

Composition H (pH=10)

Ingredients wt.-% cetyl stearyl alcohol 11.00 oleth-5 5.0 oleic acid 2.5 stearic acid monoethanolamide 2.5 coconut fatty acid monoethanolamide 2.5 sodium lauryl sulfate 1.7 1,2-propanediol 1.0 ammonium chloride 0.5 EDTA, tetrasodium salt 0.2 perfume 0.4 wheat protein hydrolysate 0.2 silica 0.1 triazene of Example 21 5.66 coupler of Example 21 (chloride) 5.31 water ad 100

The mixture is allowed to act on the strand for 15 minutes at about 22° C. Then 10 g of a mixture of a 2% strength aqueous citric acid gel containing 0.1% by weight of a red dye of the following formula

which can be prepared, for example, as described in WO 02/30374, according to Preparation Example 2, compound of formula 101, and 4% sodium citrate, are applied to the strand and then combed through, whereupon a pH of about 3 is achieved. After contact for 35 minutes, the strand is thoroughly rinsed and then dried.

A strong, intense, striking scarlet coloration having good fastness to washing and fastness to rubbing properties is obtained.

EXAMPLE 38

A strand of bleached human hair is coloured with 10 g of composition I.

Composition I (pH=10)

Ingredients wt.-% cetyl stearyl alcohol 11.00 oleth-5 5.0 oleic acid 2.5 stearic acid monoethanolamide 2.5 coconut fatty acid monoethanolamide 2.5 sodium lauryl sulfate 1.7 1,2-propanediol 1.0 ammonium chloride 0.5 EDTA, tetrasodium salt 0.2 perfume 0.4 wheat protein hydrolysate 0.2 silica 0.1 triazene of Example 21 5.66 coupler of Example 21 (chloride) 5.31 Basic Orange 31 0.2 water ad 100

The mixture is allowed to act on the strand for 30 minutes at about 22° C. Then 10 g of a mixture of a 2% strength aqueous citric acid gel containing 4% sodium citrate, are applied to the strand and then combed through, whereupon a pH of about 3 is achieved. After contact for 5 minutes, the strand is thoroughly rinsed and then dried.

A strong, intense, striking scarlet coloration having good fastness to washing and fastness to rubbing properties is obtained.

EXAMPLE 39

A strand of blond undamaged human hair is coloured with 10 g of composition J.

Composition J (pH=10)

Ingredients wt.-% cetyl stearyl alcohol 11.00 oleth-5 5.0 oleic acid 2.5 stearic acid monoethanolamide 2.5 coconut fatty acid monoethanolamide 2.5 sodium lauryl sulfate 1.7 1,2-propanediol 1.0 ammonium chloride 0.5 EDTA, tetrasodium salt 0.2 perfume 0.4 wheat protein hydrolysate 0.2 silica 0.1 triazene of Example 21 5.66 coupler of Example 21 (chloride) 5.31 water ad 100

After contact for 30 minutes, without being washed out, a dye mixture known from U.S. Pat. No. 6,248,314 and having the following composition:

Black Color No. 401 0.1 Purple Color 401 0.05 Orange Color No. 205 0.1 benzyl alcohol 2.0 ethylene carbonate 10 propylene carbonate 15 ethanol 10 lactic acid 3.5 sodium carbonate of pH 2.9 solution hydroxyethyl cellulose 1.5 water ad 100 is applied to the hair. The hair is then combed through thoroughly, whereupon its pH becomes about 3. Then, after a contact period of 15 minutes, the hair is rinsed thoroughly with water and dried.

A strong, intense, striking red coloration having good fastness to washing and fastness to rubbing properties is obtained.

EXAMPLE 40

A strand of blond undamaged human hair is coloured with 10 g of a composition consisting of 5 g each of compositions A and B.

Compositions A B C D cetyl stearyl alcohol 11.00 11.00 11.00 11.00 oleth-5 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 oleic acid 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 stearic acid monoethanolamide 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 coconut fatty acid 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 monoethanolamide sodium lauryl sulfate 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1,2-propanediol 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ammonium chloride 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 EDTA, tetrasodium salt 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 perfume 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 wheat protein hydrolysate 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 silica 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 2,5-diaminotoluene sulfate 0.7 4-amino-2-hydroxytoluene 0.5 2,5,6-triamino-4-hydroxy- 0.2 pyrimidine sulfate sodium sulfite 1.0 ascorbic acid 0.5 triazene of Example 7 9.33 coupler of Example 7 (chloride) 12.03 Basic Red 51 0.4 Ammonia (25%) 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 composition: pH 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.8 water ad 100 ad 100 ad 100 ad 100

The colouring mixture is allowed to act on the hair for 30 minutes at about 22° C. 10 g of a 2% strength aqueous citric acid gel are then applied to the strand. After contact for 15 minutes, the strand is rinsed thoroughly, shampooed and then dried.

A strong, intense, striking red coloration having good fastness to washing and fastness to rubbing properties is obtained.

EXAMPLE 41

A strand of blond undamaged human hair is coloured with a mixture of 15 g of 6% hydrogen peroxide solution and a composition consisting of 5 g each of compositions A, B and C according to Example 75.

The colouring mixture is allowed to act on the hair for 30 minutes at about 22° C. 10 g of a 2% strength aqueous citric acid gel are then applied to the strand. After contact for 5 minutes, the strand is rinsed thoroughly, shampooed and then dried.

A strong, intense, striking bluish red coloration having good fastness to washing and fastness to rubbing properties is obtained.

EXAMPLE 42

A strand of blond undamaged human hair is coloured with a mixture of 20 g of 6% hydrogen peroxide solution and a composition consisting of 5 g each of compositions A, B, C and D according to Example 75.

The colouring mixture is allowed to act on the hair for 30 minutes at about 22° C. 10 g of a 2% strength aqueous citric acid gel are then applied to the strand. After contact for 5 minutes, the strand is rinsed thoroughly, shampooed and then dried.

A strong, intense, striking bluish red coloration having good fastness to washing and fastness to rubbing properties is obtained.

EXAMPLE 43

A strand of blond undamaged human hair is coloured with a mixture of 15 g of 6% hydrogen peroxide solution and a composition consisting of 5 g each of compositions A, B and D according to Example 40.

The colouring mixture is allowed to act on the hair for 30 minutes at about 22° C. 10 g of a 2% strength aqueous citric acid gel are then applied to the strand. After contact for 5 minutes, the strand is rinsed thoroughly, shampooed and then dried.

A strong, intense, striking red coloration having good fastness to washing and fastness to rubbing properties is obtained.

EXAMPLE 44

A strand of blond undamaged human hair is coloured with 15 g of a composition consisting of 5 g each of compositions A, B and D according to Example 40.

The colouring mixture is allowed to act on the hair for 30 minutes at about 22° C. 10 g of a 2% strength aqueous citric acid gel are then applied to the strand. After contact for 15 minutes, the strand is rinsed thoroughly, shampooed and then dried.

A strong, intense, striking red coloration having good fastness to washing and fastness to rubbing properties is obtained.

EXAMPLE 45

A strand of blond undamaged human hair is coloured with 15 g of a composition consisting of 5 g each of compositions A, B and D according to Example 40.

The colouring mixture is allowed to act on the hair for 30 minutes at about 22° C. 10 g of a shampoo with a pH value of 3 are then applied to the strand and are massaged in. After contact for 5 minutes, the strand is rinsed thoroughly and then dried.

A strong, intense, striking red coloration having good fastness to washing and fastness to rubbing properties is obtained. 

1. A method of colouring porous material, which method comprises applying to the material being coloured, in any desired order successively, or simultaneously, a) at least one capped diazonium of formula (1)

and/or at least one capped diazonium of formula (2)

and/or at least one capped diazonium of formula (3)

and/or at least one capped diazonium of formula (4)

and/or at least one capped diazonium of formula (5)

wherein Q is an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic or heterocyclic residue, R is the radical of an unsubstituted or substituted, water-soluble aliphatic or aromatic amine, and T is an unsubstituted or substituted, water-soluble aliphatic or aromatic residue, wherein at least one of the groups must contain a radical imparting water solubility, and b) at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component, which comprises at least one radical Z of formula (II), (III) and/or (IV)

in which D is a linker arm which represents a linear or branched alkyl chain containing from 1 to 14 carbon atoms, which may be interrupted by one or more hetero atoms oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen atoms, and which may be substituted with one or more hydroxyl or C₁–C₆alkoxy radicals, and optionally bearing one or more carbonyl groups; E, G, J, L and M which may be identical or different represent a carbon atom, a oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a nitrogen atom; n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; m is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; each R which may be identical or different, represents a second group Z which is the same or different from the first Z group; a halogen atom; a hydroxyl atom; a C₁–C₆-alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆monohydroxyalkyl radical; a C₂–C₆polyhydroxyalkyl radical; a nitro radical; a cyano radical; a cyano(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkoxy radical; a tri(C₁–C₆)alkylsilane(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an amido radical; an aldehydo radical; a carboxyl radical; a carboxyl radical, a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical, a thio radical, a C₁–C₆thioalkyl radical, a (C₁–C₆)alkylthio radical, an amino radical, an amino radical protected with a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl, carbamyl or (C₁–C₆)alkylsulphonyl radical; a NHR′ or NR′R″ group, wherein R′ and R″ represent independently from each other a C₁–C₆alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆monohydroxyalkyl radical or a C₂–C₆polyhydroxyalkyl radical; R₈ represents a C₁–C₆alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆monohydroxyalkyl radical; a C₂–C₆poly-hydroxyalkyl radical; a cyano(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a tri(C₁–C₆)alkylsilane(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkoxy-carboxy(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkyl-carboxy(C₁–C₆)-alkyl radical; (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl radical; benzyl radical or a second group Z, which is the same as the first Z group or different from the first Z group; R₉, R₁₀ and R₁₁, which may be identical or different, represent a C₁–C₆alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆monohydroxyalkyl radical; a C₂–C₆polyhydroxyalkyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkoxy-(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a cyano(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an aryl radical; a benzyl radical; an amido(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a tri(C₁–C₆)alkylsilane(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical or a C₁–C₆amino-alkyl radical in which the amine is protected with a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl, carbamyl or (C₁–C₆)alkylsulphonyl radical; two of the radicals R₉, R₁₀ and R₁₁ can also form, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, a 5- or 6-membered saturated carbon-based ring or a ring containing one or more hetero atoms, it being possible for the said ring to be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a hydroxyl radical, a C₁–C₆alkyl radical, a C₁–C₆monohydroxyalkyl radical, a C₂–C₆polyhydroxyalkyl radical, a nitro radical, a cyano radical, a cyano(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical, a C₁–C₆alkoxy radical, a tri(C₁–C₆)alkyl-silane(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical, an amido radical, an aldehydo radical, a carboxyl radical, a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical, (C₁–C₆)cetoalkyl; a thio radical, a C₁–C₆thioalkyl radical, a (C₁–C₆)alkylthio radical, an amino radical, an amino radical protected with a (C₁–C₆)-alkylcarbonyl, carbamyl and (C₁–C₆)alkylsulphonyl radical; or one of the radicals R₇, R₈ and R₉ can also represent a second radical Z, which is identical or different from the first Z group; R₁₂ represents a C₁–C₆alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆monohydroxyalkyl radical; a C₂–C₆poly-hydroxyalkyl radical; an aryl radical; a benzyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkylamine radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkylamine radical protected with a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl, carbamyl or (C₁–C₆)-alkylsulphonyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; a cyano(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a carbamyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆trifluoroalkyl radical; a tri(C₁–C₆)alkylsilane-(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆aminosulphonylalkyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl-(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkylsulphinyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkyl-sulphonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkyl-ceto-(C₁–C₆)alkyl; an N-(C₁–C₆)alkyl-aminosulphonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical or a N—(C₁–C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a and y are independently from each other 0 or 1 with the provisos that (i) in unsaturated cationic groups of formula (II) when a=0 then D is attached to the nitrogen atom, when a=1 then D is attached to summits E, G, J or L, y can only be 1
 1. when E, G, J and L are each carbon and R₈ is attached to the nitrogen atom of the unsaturated cycle; or
 2. when at least one of E, G, J and L is nitrogen to which R₈ is attached when n is at least 2, two adjacent R may form unsaturated carboxylic or heterocyclic group, with 5 or 6 chains (ii) in unsaturated cationic groups of formula (III), when a=0, then D is attached to the nitrogen atom, when a=1, then D is attached to summits E, G, J, L or M, y can only be 1 when at least one of E, G, J, L and M represents a divalent atom and R₈ is attached to the nitrogen atom of the unsaturated cycle, when m is at least 2, then two of adjacent R may form unsaturated carboxylic or heterocylic group, with 5 or 6 chains, (iii) in cationic groups of formula (IV) when a=0 then D is attached to the nitrogen atom bearing radicals R₉–R₁₁, when a=1 then two of the radicals R₉–R₁₁ form a saturated heterocycle with 5–6 chains as defined before, with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached and D is linked to the carbon atom of this saturated cycle, X⁻ represents a monovalent or divalent anion selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, fluoride or iodide, hydroxide ions, hydrosulfate and (C₁–C₆alkyl)sulfate, under conditions such that, initially, coupling does not take place, and then causing the capped diazonium compound present on the material to react with the coupling component.
 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a compound of formula (I)

in which b is 1 or 2 and for b equal 2, two benzene rings are linked by link B representing a group Z, or linear or branched C₁–C₁₄alkyl chain which can be interrupted by one or more groups Z and/or by one or more heteroatoms chosen from O, S and N, can be substituted with one or more hydroxyl or C₁–C₆alkoxy radicals and can bear on or more carbonyl groups; R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom; a halogen atom; a group Z; a group —N-Z; a group —N-Z; a group —O-Z; a group —CO-Z; a group —COOZ; a group —CO—N-Z; a group CO—N-Z; a group N—CO-Z; a group N—CO—N—; a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; an amino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; an —N-Z-amino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; an N—(C₁–C₆)alkylamino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; an N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylamino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; an amino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an N-Z-amino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an N—(C₁–C₆)alkyl-amino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylamino(C₁–C₆)-alkylcarbonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a carboxyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarboxyl radical; a C₁–C₆alkylsulphonyl radical; an aminosulphonyl radical; an N-Z-aminosulphonyl radical; a C₁–C₆—N-alkylaminosulphonyl radical; an N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylamino-sulphonyl radical; a C₁–C₆aminosulphonylalkyl radical; a C₁–C₆ N-Z-aminosulphonylalkyl radical; an N—(C₁–C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylamino-sulphonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a carbamyl radical; an N—(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl radical; an N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl radical; a carbamyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an N—(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl-(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl-(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆alkyl radical; a hydroxyl radical; nitro radical; a C₁–C₆mono-hydroxyalkyl radical; a C₂–C₆polyhydroxyalkyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkoxy(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆trifluoroalkyl radical; a cyano radical; a group OR₇ or SR₇; an unsubstituted amino group; an amino group substituted with one or two of the substituents selected from the group consisting of C₁–C₆alkyl, (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl, (C₁–C₆)alkyl-carboxyl, trifluoro(C₁–C₆)alkyl-carbonyl, amino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl, N-Z-amino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl, N—(C₁–C₆)-alkylamino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl, N,N-di (C₁–C₆)alkylamino-(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl, (C₁–C₆)alkylcarboxyl, carbamyl, N—(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl, N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkyl-carbamyl, C₁–C₆ alkylsulphonyl, aminosulphonyl, N-Z-aminosulphonyl, N—(C₁–C₆)-alkylaminosulphonyl, N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl, thiocarbamyl, formyl radical and a group -Z; or R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄, when they are adjacent, may form, two by two, an unsaturated cycle with 5–6 carbon chains, or containing one or more heteroatoms and optionally bearing same substituents as given above for R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄; R₇ denotes a C₁–C₆alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆monohydroxyalkyl radical; a C₂–C₆poly-hydroxyalkyl radical; a group Z; a (C₁–C₆)alkoxy(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an aryl radical; a benzyl radical; a carboxy(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a cyano(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a carbamyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an N—(C₁–C₆)alkyl-carbamyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆trifluoroalkyl radical; a C₁–C₆aminosulphonylalkyl radical; a C₁–C₆ N-Z-amino-sulphonylalkyl radical; an N—(C₁–C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkylsulphinyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkylsulphonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆aminoalkyl radical; a C₁–C₆aminoalkyl radical in which the amine is substituted with one or two identical or different radicals chosen from C₁–C₆ alkyl, C₁–C₆monohydroxyalkyl, C₂–C₆polyhydroxyalkyl, (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl, formyl, trifluoro-(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl, (C₁–C₆)alkylcarboxyl, carbamyl, N—(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl, N,N-di-(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl, thiocarbamyl and C₁–C₆alkylsulphonyl radicals, and from the groups Z, —CO-Z and —CO—OZ; A represents a hydroxyl radical; —NR₅R₈ or OR₇; R₅ and R₆, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom; a group Z; a C₁–C₆alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆monohydroxyalkyl radical; a C₂–C₆polyhydroxyalkyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkoxy(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an aryl radical; a benzyl radical; a cyano(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a carbamyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an N—(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a thiocarbamyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆trifluoroalkyl radical; a C₁–C₆sulphoalkyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkyl-sulphinyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆aminosulphonylalkyl radical; a N-Z-amino-sulphonyl(C₁–C₆) alkyl radical; an N—(C₁–C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; an N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl-(C₁–C₆)alkyl radical; a C₁–C₆aminoalkyl radical; a C₁–C₆aminoalkyl radical in which the amine is substituted with one or two identical or different radicals chosen from C₁–C₆-alkyl, C₁–C₆monohydroxyalkyl, C₂–C₆polyhydroxyalkyl, (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl, carbamyl, N—(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl or N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl, C₁–C₆alkyl-sulphonyl, formyl, trifluoro(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl, (C₁–C₆)alkylcarboxyl and thiocarbamyl radicals, or with a group Z, —CO-Z or —CO—OZ; one and only one of the radicals R₅ and R₆ can also represent a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarboxyl radical; a (C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; a formyl radical; a trifluoro(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; an amino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; an N-Z-amino-(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; an N—(C₁–C₆)alkylamino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; an N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkyl-amino(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbonyl radical; a carbamyl radical; an N—(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl radical; an N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylcarbamyl radical; a thiocarbamyl radical; an amino-sulphonyl radical; an N-Z-aminosulphonyl radical; an N—(C₁–C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl radical; an N,N-di(C₁–C₆)alkylamino-sulphonyl radical; or a (C₁–C₆)alkylsulphonyl radical; and/or a compound of formula (V)

in which all substituents have the meanings as defined above, and/or a compound of formula (VI)

in which all substituents have the meanings as defined above, and/or a compound of formula (VII)

in which all substituents have the meanings as defined above, and/or a compound of formula (VIII)

in which all substituents have the meanings as defined above, and/or a compound of formula (IX)

in which all substituents have the meanings as defined above, and/or a compound of formula (X)

in which all substituents have the meanings as defined above, Z represents one of the groups of formula (II), (III) and (IV) as defined in claim 1 wherein the number of Z groups in the formula (I), (V), (VI), (VII), (VIII), (IX) and/or (X) is at least
 1. 3. A method according to claim 2, wherein the cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a compound of formula (Ia)

wherein A, R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ have the same meanings as defined in claim
 2. 4. A method according to claim 2, wherein the cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a compound of formula (Ib)

wherein R₁ and R₁′ are each one valency of B, R₂, R₃, R₂′ and R₃′ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in claim 2, R₅, R₆, R₅′, R₆′, R₅″, R₆″, R₅′″ and R₆′″ have the meanings as defined for R₅ and R₆ in claim 2, and B and Z have the same meanings as defined in the definition of formula (I) in claim
 2. 5. A method according to claim 2, wherein the cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a compound of formula (Ic)

wherein A₁, A₂, A₁′ and A₂′ signify independently of each other a hydroxy radical or a NR₅R₆ radical, wherein R₅ and R₆ have the same meanings as defined in the definition of formula (I) in claim 2, R₁ and R₁′ are each one valency of B, R₂, R₃, R₂′ and R₃′ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the definition of formula (I) in claim 2, and B and Z have the same meanings as defined in the definition of formula (I).
 6. A method according to claim 2, wherein the cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a compound of formula (Va)

wherein R₁ has the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the definition of formula (I) in claim 2 and A has the meanings as defined for A in the definition of formula (I) in claim
 2. 7. A method according to claim 2, wherein the cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a compound of formula (VIa)

wherein R₁, R₂ and R₃ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the definition of formula (I) in claim
 2. 8. A method according to claim 2, wherein the cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a compound of formula (VIIa)

wherein R₁ and R₃ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the definition of formula (I) in claim
 2. 9. A method according to claim 2, wherein the cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a compound of formula (VIIIa)

wherein R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the definition of formula (I) in claim
 2. 10. A method according to claim 2, wherein the cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a compound of formula (IXa)

wherein R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the definition of formula (I) in claim
 2. 11. A method according to claim 2, wherein the cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component is a compound of formula (Ia′), (Ia″), (Ia′″), (Ia″″), (Va′), (Va″), (Va′″), (Va″″), (VIa′), (VIIa′), (VIIa″), (VIIIa′), (IXa′) and (IXa″)

wherein A′ and R′₁ signify independently from each other H; OH; NH₂; NHC₁–C₄alkyl; N(C₁₋₄)₂alkyl; OC₁–C₄alkyl, wherein the two alkyl groups of the di-alkylated amine can be the same or different, each R′₄ signifies independently from each other H; C₁–C₄alkyl, OC1-C4alkyl, or halogen, or a (CH₂)₀₋₂—C₆cycloalkyl or (CH₂)₀₋₂-phenyl, R′₉, R′₁₀, R′₁₁ signify independently from each other C₁–C₄alkyl, wherein the alkyl can be linear, branched and optionally substituted by OH, CN, Cl, COOH, SO₃H, NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, OCH₃ or OC₂H₅, X′³¹ signify Cl⁻; Br⁻ or J⁻, Y signifies —O—; —NH—; —N(C₁–C₂alkyl)-; —CONH—; —NHCO— —CON(C₁–C₄alkyl)-; —N(C₁–C₄alkyl)CO— or —CH₂—, and V signifies a 5, 6, or 7 membered heteroring which can be aliphatic or aromatic, and which contains at least one heteroatom selected from the group S, O and N, and which contains a positive charge.
 12. A method according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble radical of the capped diazonium compound (1), (2), (3), (4) or (5) is SO₃H, COOH, OH or a quaternised ammonium radical of formula (6)

wherein R₁₃, R₁₄ and R₁₅ are each independently of the others unsubstituted or substituted alkyl and An is an anion.
 13. A method according to claim 1, wherein Q is an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, naphthyl, thiophenyl, 1,3-thiazolyl, 1,2-thiazolyl, 1,3-benzothiazolyl, 2,3-benzothiazolyl, imidazolyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl, 1,3,5-thiadiazolyl, 1,3,4-triazolyl, pyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, pyridinyl, quinolinyl, pyrimidinyl, isoxazolyl, aminodiphenyl, aminodiphenylether or azobenzenyl.
 14. A method according to claim 13, wherein the radical Q is mono- or polysubstituted by C₁–C₄alkyl, C₁–C₄alkoxy, C₁–C₄alkylthio, halogen, nitro, trifluoromethyl, CN, SCN, C₁–C₄alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, benzylsulfonyl, di-C₁–C₄alkylaminosulfonyl, C₁–C₄alkylcarbonylamino, C₁–C₄alkoxysulfonyl or by di-(hydroxy-C₁–C₄alkyl)-aminosulfonyl.
 15. A method according to claim 1 wherein R is a radical of formula —NR₁₆R₁₇, wherein R₁₆ is H; unsubstituted linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl or linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl, which is substituted by one or more identical or different substituents selected from the group consisting of OC₁–C₄alkyl, COOH, COOC₁–C₂alkyl, SO₃H, NH₂, CN, halogen and OH, and R₁₇ is unsubstituted linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl or linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl, which is substituted by one or more identical or different substituents selected from the group consisting of OC₁–C₄alkyl, COOH, COOC₁–C₂alkyl, SO₃H, NH₂, CN, halogen and OH.
 16. A method according to claim 1 wherein R is the radical of unsubstituted aniline; the radical of unsubstituted aminonaphthalene; or the radical of aniline or aminonaphthalene, wherein the phenyl or the naphthyl ring is substituted by one or more identical or different substituents selected from the group consisting of COOH, SO₃H, CN, halogen, SO₂C₁–C₂alkyl, unsubstituted linear or branched C₁–C₄alkyl and linear or branched C₁–C₄alkyl, substituted by OH, carboxy, COC₁–C₂alkyl or SO₂–N(C₁–C₄alkyl)-(CH₂)₁₋₄SO₃H and wherein the amino radical is substituted by H, unsubstituted linear or branched C₁–C₄alkyl or linear or branched C₁–C₄alkyl, substituted by OH or carboxy.
 17. A method according to claim 1, wherein T is a linear or branched unsubstituted C₁–C₆alkyl or linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl, which is substituted by one or more identical or different substituents selected from the group consisting of OC₁–C₄alkyl, COOH, COOC₁–C₂alkyl, SO₃H, NH₂, NH(C₁–C₂alkyl), N(C₁–C₂alkyl)₂, CN, halogen and OH.
 18. A method according to claim 1, wherein T is unsubstituted phenyl; unsubstituted naphthyl; phenyl or naphthyl, which are substituted by one or more identical or different substituents selected from the group consisting of OC₁–C₄alkyl, COOH, COOC₁–C₂alkyl, SO₃H, NH₂, NH(C₁–C₂alkyl), N(C₁–C₂alkyl)₂, CN, halogen and OH.
 19. A method according to claim 2, which method comprises applying to the material being coloured, in any desired order successively, or simultaneously, a) at least one capped diazonium of formula (1)

and/or at least one capped diazonium of formula (2)

and/or at least one capped diazonium of formula (3)

and/or at least one capped diazonium of formula (4)

and/or at least one capped diazonium of formula (5)

wherein Q is an unsubstituted phenyl; naphthyl; thiophenyl; 1,3-thiazolyl; 1,2-thiazolyl; 1,3-benzothiazolyl; 2,3-benzothiazolyl; imidazolyl; 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl; 1,3,5-thiadiazolyl; 1,3,4-triazolyl; pyrazolyly benzimidazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, pyridinyl, quinolinyl, pyrimidinyl, isoxazolyl, aminodiphenyl, aminodiphenylether or azobenzenyl, which can optionally be mono- or poly-substituted by C₁–C₄alkyl, C₁–C₄alkoxy, C₁–C₄alkylthio, halogen, nitro, trifluoromethyl, CN, SCN, C₁–C₄alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, benzylsulfonyl, di-C₁–C₄alkylaminosulfonyl, C₁–C₄alkyl-carbonylamino, C₁–C₄alkoxysulfonyl or by di-(hydroxy-C₁–C₄alkyl)-aminosulfonyl, R signifies a the radical of formula —NR₁₆R₁₇, wherein R₁₆ is H; unsubstituted linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl or linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl, which is substituted by one or more identical or different substituent selected from the group consisting of OC₁–C₄alkyl, COOH, COOC₁–C₂alkyl, SO₃H, NH₂, CN, halogen and OH, and R₁₇ is unsubstituted linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl or linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl, which is substituted by one or more identical or different substituent selected from the group consisting of OC₁–C₄alkyl, COOH, COOC₁–C₂alkyl, SO₃H, NH₂, CN, halogen and OH, or R signifies the radical of unsubstituted aniline; the radical of unsubstituted aminonaphthalene; the radical of aniline or aminonaphthalene, wherein the phenyl or the naphthyl ring is substituted by one or more identical or different substituent selected from the group consisting of COOH, SO₃H, CN, halogen, SO₂C₁–C₂alkyl, unsubstituted linear or branched C₁–C₄alkyl, and linear or branched C₁–C₄alkyl, substituted by OH, carboxy, COC₁–C₂alkyl or SO₂—N(C₁–C₄alkyl)-(CH₂)₁₋₄SO₃H and wherein the amino radical is substituted by H; unsubstituted linear or branched C₁–C₄alkyl or linear or branched C₁–C₄alkyl, substituted by OH or carboxy, and T is a linear or branched unsubstituted C₁–C₆alkyl or linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl, which is substituted by one or more identical or different substituent selected from the group consisting of OC₁–C₄alkyl, COOH, COOC₁–C₂alkyl, SO₃H, NH₂, NH(C₁–C₂alkyl), N(C₁–C₂alkyl)₂, CN, halogen and OH, or T is unsubstituted phenyl; unsubstituted naphthyl; phenyl or naphthyl, which are substituted by one or more identical or different substituents selected from the group consisting of OC₁–C₄alkyl, COOH, COOC₁–C₂alkyl, SO₃H, NH₂, NH(C₁–C₂alkyl), N(C₁–C₂alkyl)2, CN, halogen and OH, and b) at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component of formula (Ia)

wherein A, R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ have the same meanings as in claim 2, and/or at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component of formula (Ib)

wherein R₁ and R₁′ are each one valency of B, R₂, R₃, R₂′ and R₃′ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the definition of formula (I), R₅, R₆, R₅′, R₆′, R₅″, R₆″, R₅′″ and R₆′″ have the meanings as defined for R₅ and R₆ in the definition of formula (I), and B and Z have the same meanings as defined in the definition of formula (I), and/or at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component of formula (Ic)

wherein A₁, A₂, A₁′ and A₂′ signify independently of each other a hydroxy radical or a NR₅R₆ radical, wherein R₅ and R₆ have the same meanings as defined in the definition of formula (I), R₁ and R₁′ are each one valency of B, R₂, R₃, R₂′ and R₃′ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the definition of formula (I), and B and Z have the same meanings as defined in the definition of formula (I), and/or at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component of formula (Va)

wherein R₁ has the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the definition of formula (I) and A has the meanings as defined for A in the definition of formula (I), and/or at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component of formula (VIa)

wherein R₁, R₂ and R₃ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the definition of formula (I), and/or at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component of formula (VIIa)

wherein R₁ and R₃ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the definition of formula (I), and/or at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component of formula (VIIIa)

wherein R₁, R₂ and R₃ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the definition of formula (I), and/or at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component of formula (IXa)

wherein R₁, R₂ and R₃ have the meanings as defined for R₁–R₄ in the definition of formula (I), wherein the number of Z groups in the formula (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (Va), (VIa), (VIIa), (VIIIa) and/or (IXa) is at least 1, under conditions such that, initially, coupling does not take place, and then causing the capped diazonium compound present on the material to react with the coupling component.
 20. A method according to claim 19, which method comprises applying to the material being coloured, in any desired order successively, or simultaneously, a) at least one capped diazonium of formula (3)

wherein Q is an unsubstituted phenyl; naphthyl; thiophenyl; 1,3-thiazolyl; 1,2-thiazolyl; 1,3-benzothiazolyl; 2,3-benzothiazolyl; imidazolyl; 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl; 1,3,5-thiadiazolyl; 1,3,4-triazolyl; pyrazolyly benzimidazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, pyridinyl, quinolinyl, pyrimidinyl, isoxazolyl, aminodiphenyl, aminodiphenylether or azobenzenyl, which can optionally be mono- or poly-substituted by C₁–C₄alkyl, C₁–C₄alkoxy, C₁–C₄alkylthio, halogen, nitro, trifluoromethyl, CN, SCN, C₁–C₄alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, benzylsuifonyl, di-C₁–C₄alkylaminosulfonyl, C₁–C₄alkyl-carbonylamino, C₁–C₄alkoxysuifonyl or by di-(hydroxy-C₁–C₄alkyl)-aminosulfonyl, and R signifies a the radical of formula —NR₁₆R₁₇, wherein R₁₆ is H; unsubstituted linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl or linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl, which is substituted by one or more identical or different substituent selected from the group consisting of OC₁–C₄aIkyl, COOH, COOC₁–C₂alkyl, SO₃H, NH₂, CN, halogen and OH, and R₁₇ is unsubstituted linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl or linear or branched C₁–C₆alkyl, which is substituted by one or more identical or different substituent selected from the group consisting of OC₁–C₄alkyl, COCH, COOC₁–C₂alkyl, SO₃H, NH₂, CN, halogen and OH, and b) at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component of formula formulae (Ia′), (Ia″), (Ia′″), (Ia″″), (Va′), (Va″), (Va′″), (Va″″), (VIa′), (VIIa′), (VIIa″), (VIIIa′), (IXa′) and/or (IXa″)

wherein A′ and R′₁ signify independently from each other H; OH; NH₂; NHC₁–C₄alkyl; N(C₁₋₄)₂alkyl; OC₁–C₄alkyl, wherein the two alkyl groups of the di-alkylated amine can be the same or different, each R′₄ signifies independently from each other H; C₁–C₄alkyl, OC₁–C₄alkyl, or halogen, or a (CH₂)₀₋₂— C₆cycloalkyl or (CH₂)₀₋₂-phenyl, R′₉, R′₁₀, R′₁₁ signify independently from each other C₁–C₄alkyl, wherein the alkyl can be linear, branched and optionally substituted by OH, CN, Cl, COOH, SO₃H, NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, OCH₃ or OC₂H₅, X′⁻signify Cl⁻; Br⁻ or J⁻, Y signifies —O—; —NH—; —N(C₁–C₂alkyl)-; —CONH—; —NHCO— —CON(C₁–C₄alkyl)-; —N(C₁–C₄alkyl)CO— or —CH₂—, and V signifies a 5, 6, or 7 membered heteroring which can be aliphatic or aromatic, and which contain at least one heteroatom selected from the group S, O and N, and which contains a positive charge, under conditions such that, initially, coupling does not take place, and then causing the capped diazonium compound present on the material to react with the coupling component.
 21. A method of colouring porous material according to claim 12, which method comprises applying to the material being coloured, in any desired order successively, or simultaneously, a) at least two capped diazonium compounds and b) at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component, under conditions such that, initially, coupling does not take place, and then causing the capped diazonium compound present on the material to react with the coupling component.
 22. A method of colouring porous material according to claim 12, which method comprises applying to the material being coloured, in any desired order successively, or simultaneously, a) at least one capped diazonium compound and b) at least two cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling components, under conditions such that, initially, coupling does not take place, and then causing the capped diazonium compound present on the material to react with the coupling component.
 23. A method of colouring porous material according to claim 12, which method comprises applying to the material being coloured, in any desired order successively, or simultaneously, a) at least two capped diazonium compounds and b) at least two cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling components, under conditions such that, initially, coupling does not take place, and then causing the capped diazonium compound present on the material to react with the coupling component.
 24. A method according to claim 2, which method comprises bringing the material being coloured into contact with at least one capped diazonium compound of formula (1), (2), (3), (4) and/or (5) and at least one water-soluble aromatic coupling component of formula (I); (Va), (Ia′), (Ia″), (Ia′″), (Ia″″), (Ib), (Ic), (Id) and/or (Ie), in any desired order successively, or simultaneously, (a) under alkaline conditions and optionally in the presence of a further dye, and then subjecting the material being coloured to treatment with acid, or (b) under alkaline conditions, and then subjecting the material being coloured to treatment with acid, optionally in the presence of a further dye.
 25. A method according to claim 2, which comprises bringing the material being coloured into contact with at least one capped diazonium compound of formula (1), (2), (3), (4) and/or (5) and at least one water-soluble aromatic coupling component of formula (I), (Ia), (Ia′), (Ia″), (Ia′″), (Ia″″), (Ib), (Ic), (Va) (Va′), (Va″), (Va′″), (Va″″), (VIa), (VIa′), (VIIa), (VIIa′), (VIIa″), (VIIIa) (VIIIa′), (IXa) (IXa′), (IXa″) and/or (X) in any desired order successively, or simultaneously, a) under alkaline conditions in the presence of an oxidising agent and optionally in the presence of a further dye, and then subjecting the material being coloured to treatment with acid, or b) under alkaline conditions, and then subjecting the material being coloured to treatment with acid, optionally in the presence of a further dye.
 26. A colouring composition for carrying out the method according to claim 2, comprising a) at least one compound of formula (1), (2), (3), (4) and/or (5), b) a medium for adjusting the pH, c) water, d) at least one cationic water-soluble aromatic coupling component of formula (I), (Ia), (Ia′), (Ia″), (Ia′″), (Ia″″), (Ib), (Ic), (Va) (Va′), (Va″), (Va′″), (Va″″), (VIa), (VIa′), (VIIa), (VIIa′), (VIIa″), (VIIIa) (VIIIa′), (IXa) (IXa′), (IXa″) and/or (X) and, optionally, further additives. 